Precocious puberty performs as pathological condition in humans, but it is an important trait in animal production. The research of human precocious puberty regulation mechanism is more thorough, especially in recent years the genomewide association study method contributes to find more new genes and deeply understand the genetic networks. This paper summarized the progress of genetic systems in human GnRH dependent precocious puberty, including kisspeptin system, γ GABA system, NPY and leptin system, LIN28B system and NKB system. These could supply a basis for the relevant study in animals.

High-throughput sequencing technology is a milestone in the development of sequencing technology. It can sequence and analyze hundreds of thousands or even millions of DNA molecules at the same time. So it becomes a reality that we further analyze the species' transcription group. Therefore, high-throughput sequencing technology is also called as deep sequencing or next generation sequencing technology. This article introduced the types, development, and the application of high-throughput sequencing technology in livestock and poultry.

EGLN1 gene is a key oxygen sensor gene and is considered to be one of the regulatory gene in low oxygen adaptability. Adaptive evolution and coevolution of mammal EGLN1 gene were analyzed by bioinformatic method. The analysis showed that positive selection sites were tested through the methods of SLAC, FEL and REL. It indicated that EGLN1 gene fell under the effection of positive selection and underwent adaptive evolution. Coevolution sites were also identified in the coding region of EGLN1 gene. The direct or indirect interaction among these sites may play important role in maintaining the structure and function of protein.

In order to screen the polymorphisms of STAT1 promoter in cattle and analyze the effect of SNPs on function elements of promoter,two cattle breeds (Wuchuan Black Cattle and Guizhou Holstein cow) with significant difference in breeds property were selected to construct DNA pools, SNP sites were screened by direct sequencing subsequently.The results showed that 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found in the 5' flanking region which included T-537G, T-508A and C+10T. Furthermore, bioinformatics tools were used to predict the core region of the promoter and identify various transcription factors binding sites. It demonstrated that 10 new transcription factors binding sites emerged while 1 previous transcription factors binding sites disappeared based on the SNPs found in this study, the remarkable change of secondary structure of RNA were also detected but the range of CpG islands were not influenced by the analysis of various softwares. This work could lay the experimental foundation for the identification of function of STAT1 promoter.

In order to make clear the population genetic characteristics of Pituitary-specific transcription factor (POU1F1）gene, the variations of its intron 5 and exon 6 were assayed and analyzed in five cattle breeds sampled in Yunnan Province (including three indigenous and two imported breeds) by using DNA sequencing and PCR-RFLP techniques. Two alleles, namely A and B were identified in all the cattle populations in this study. The allele A was major allele in imported Shorthorn and Angus cattle, the gene frequency in two breeds was 0.944 and 0.700, respectively, while the allele B was major allele in Zhaotong cattle, Diqing cattle and Yunnan Holstein, the gene frequency in these breeds was 0.645, 0.727 and 0.917, respectively. The individuals of genotype BB were not identified in Shorthorn and Angus cattle, whereas individuals of genotype AA were not found in Yunnan Holstein. Zhaotong cattle, Diqing cattle and Angus cattle are of high heterozygosity in the locus assayed, while that in other cattle breeds examined in the study were low.

A pair of primers containing the restriction sites for NcoI/SpeI were designed according to the cloned GoMIPS (inositol-1 - phosphate synthase) gene sequence of Galega orientalis. The GoMIPS cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR from the total RNA of the young leaves of the Oriental Galega. After purification, RT-PCR products were cloned to the pMD19-T vector were dealt to construct the pMD-MIPS in the middle of the carrier DNA sequencing. pMD-MIPS containing the target gene and pCAMBIA1302 empty vector with NcoI / SpeI restriction enzyme digestion,the restriction endonuclease and sequence analysis shows that a dual CaMV35S promoter-driven GFP reporter geneplant expression vector pCAMBIA1302-MIPS has been successfully constructed.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary CP and ME and their interaction on growth performance, nutrients availability and blood parameters of black male Muscovy ducks. Three hundred and twenty four 21-day-old black male Muscovy ducks were used in a 2?3 factorial design trial and randomly allocated to 9 groups with 6 replicates of 6 ducks each. The ducks were fed with 15.0%, 17.0% or 19.0% CP and 11.30, 11.72 or 12.13 MJ of ME per kg of dietary. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows; dietary CP and ME levels, as well as the interaction of CP and ME had no significant effects on 21 d, 35 d, 42 d, 49 d body weight (BW), GLU, TG, TC, ALB, TP, BUN, ALT and AST (P>0.05), but had extremely significant effects on availability of dry matter and energy (P<0.01). The interaction of CP and ME had significant effect on availability of CP. At comprehensive consideration of growth performance, nutrients availability and blood parameters, 15.0% and 11.72 MJ/kg as dietary CP and ME levels were adequate for 21~49 days black Muscovy ducks.

The study was to comprehensively determine the quality of sexing semen through comparing the differences of routine semen and sexing semen on sperm activity, acrosom intact rate and the activity of four antioxidant enzymes in seminal plasma. Dividing with flow cytometry, the sexing semen and routine semen were thawed(37.5 ℃,30 s) to analyze the sperm motility and acrosom intact rate, and the motility of superoxide dismutase（SOD）, glutathione peroxidase（GSH）, glutathione reductase（GR）, catalase（CAT）in seminal plasma were also determined. The results showed that the sperm motility of sexing semen was siginificantly lower than that of the routine semen, and the motility of four antioxidant enzymes in seminal plasma was significantly lower than that of the routine semen, too.

To know the Orf in Fujian province, epidemiology survey and PCR detection of Orf Virus in most goat breeding areas in Fujian province were carried out. The results showed that morbidity and mortality rate were 10%~20% and less 10% respectively. The PCR product was a fragment of 507 bp in infected goats but none in healthy goats. This study diagnosised the Orf Virus in Fujian province by PCR for the first time, and proved rampant Orf in Fujian province.

From April to September in 2010,a detection on Cows Brucellosis of 5007 cows in some townships as Shishan,Liangjiao,Qiaotou,Jingyang,Changning,Qinglin,Shuobei was carried out, these townships all have the concentrated breeding of cows. According to the detection, there are 41 cases of brucellosis positive,with a rate of 0.82%.Measures such as killing or harmless treatment were timely taken,and the preventive measures were also put forward.

The experiment was designed to analyze multiple regression of body weight and body length and cannon circumference with litter size in 94 female minks. Testing the estimation model( =1.666-0.005 x₁+0.332 x₂), the results indicate that fitness and regression coefficient and multiple correlation coefficient were different respectively （P<0.05）.The estimation model worked effectively, which provided a scientific reference for the female mink which prepares for mating to adujust its body condition.

In this study, Zongyang Mei duck as the newly discovered genetic resources of Anhui province was taken to conduct the genetic resources survey, the body size and slaughter traits of 300-day-old Zongyang Mei ducks were measured(30 males,30 females) .The result showed that there were very significant differences between male and female ducks for body slope length, fossil bone length and half diving depth(P<0.01), significant differences for chest depth(P<0.05); and there were very significant differences between male and female ducks for percentage of abdominal fat(P<0.01), significant differences for half eviscerated percentage and eviscerated percentage(P<0.05). The results indicated that the Zongyang Mei ducks were smaller in size, and the body slope length, fossil bone length and half diving depth can be regarded as breeding index. The lean meat percentage of Zongyang Mei ducks is high, the sebaceous rate is low, and Zongyang Mei ducks can be the ideal type for breeding high pecent of lean meat and low fat ducks.Measures should be taken to protect this variety and further research and development of this local breed should be carried out.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of supplemental concentrate on plasma anti-oxidative stress capability and biochemical metabolites of Guizhou black goats. Forty-five Guizhou black growing goats were randomly allocated to 3 groups of 3 replicates, with each of 5 goats.They were fed diets of control, treatment 1, and treatment 2, respectively. The control was fed the conventional diet, containing 0.1 kg concentrate and 0.35 kg DM/d forage, respectively. Treatment 1 and treatment 2 were supplemented with 300g and 600g concentrate. The experiment lasted 31 d with 7-day pretrial duration and 24-day trial duration. Blood samples were taken on d 7, 16, 25, and 31 and were centrifuged to obtain plasma for determination of anti-oxidative stress capacity and biochemical parameters.The results showed that 1) compared with the control, treatment 1 and treatment 2 resulted in higher plasma T-AOC, SOD, H₂O₂, and GSH-Px (P<0.05) and decreased MDA levels (P<0.05). 2) Plasma UN in treatment 1 was lower than that of control (P<0.05); 3) However, plasma AST and lipid metabolites were unaffected among the control, treatment 1, and treatment 2 (P>0.05). It was suggested that, under the current condition of low nutrients provision, increasing concentrate to forage ratio could significantly enhance plasma anti-oxidative stress capability, was beneficial to protein utilization, and had no negative effect on liver function. There was no difference for plasma lipid metabolites for growing goat fed diets with increasing concentrate.

The ideological system of “Preventive treatment of disease” originated from “Huangdi&apos;s Cannon of Medicine”two thousand years ago. It was the earliest tactics of “preventive veterinary medicine” in our country. In this paper, the concept of Chinese medicine “Preventive treatment of disease” in some ancient medicine books was described,and some modern Chinese traditional veterinary medicine clinical experiences were also verified. So it is suggested that Chinese traditional veterinary medicine theory “Preventive treatment of disease” must be carried forward and developed in animal husbandry and veterinary, which will also open up a new way in the prevention and treatment for animal diseases.

With the rapid development of science and technology in our society, more and more large-scale farms emerged in China. It is crucial to the development of farms and the breeding of sheep that each functional area should be distributed reasonably according to the geography and climate. The question of constructing farm for cashmere sheep in northern cold region was analyzed and discussed, and the feasible suggestions were proposed.

In order to improve semen quality, the studies on antioxidants supplement in domestic animal frozen semen extender have received widespread attention recernly. Antioxidants supplement can reduce oxidative damage, protect sperm plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, and then improve fertilization ability of frozen-thawed domestic animal semen. According to the present application of antioxidants, this article mainly focuses on oxidative damage mechanism of sperm during the freezing-thawing and common study of antioxidants on cryopreservation of domestic animal semen. The aim of this paper was to provide certain theoretical and practical basis for domestic animal semen cryopreservation.

The summary of the Seabuckthorn, the nutrition of its branches and leaves, the feeding values,and the process of research utilization were reviewed in the paper.It also described the content analysis results of the nutritional elements ,the mineral elements,the amino acids,and the flavonoid.The existing problems in utilization were also discussed,providing areference for usage and development of the branches and leaves in the future.

The paper analyzed the conservation status of Tibetan fish resources and proposed three major threats that Tibetan fish are facing,namely,alien fish,the construction of hydropower station and overfishing.Therefore, the ideas and principles which should be embodied in Tibetan legislation were put forward, providing a reference.

U S A universities are diversified in teaching, which is in accordance with the student centered teaching idea. Analyzing the current status of the curriculum teaching in China, the author finds that there is no simultaneous increase in effectively teaching time for teachers and the sustained increase in enrollment expansion of colleges and universities because teachers have to take enough time on research,eliciting the idea of how to guarantee the quality of teaching in larger classes. Enlightened by the visiting experience in the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC), the author suggestes that technical equipments, combination of teaching and humanity, group teaching and group discussion would improve the effects of teaching in larger classes.

The course of Poultry and Poultry Prevention is one of the important professional courses for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary major. Its series textbook construction can satisfy both the need of strengthening students&apos; skills and improving teaching effect through modern teaching methods. In the meantime, it helps students&apos; autonomic learning and lifetime learning. The theoretical textbook construction is supposed to compile modules based on the demand of industry for talent&apos;s knowledge, focus on the key links of knowledge and stress the practicability of knowledge; the practice textbook should take practice as the core and aim at production and technical positions. Meanwhile, the idea that compiling electronic supplementary textbook is beneficial to improving teaching effect was put forward. In addition, some problems in series textbook construction of Poultry and Poultry Prevention were analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures were proposed.