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30 July 2025, Volume 46 Issue 7
    

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  • Utilization Status of Anaerobic Digestion Technology of Organic Solid Waste and Terminal Resource Utilization of Biogas Residue
    HE Yaqing
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.001
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    Organic solid waste posssses a dual nature of pollution and resources. Under the new context, the resource utilization of organic solid waste is an essential pathway towards achieving “carbon emission reduction” and “carbon neutrality” goals, serving as a crucial breakthrough in advancing the circular economy. Anaerobic digestion, as a relatively economical means for stable treatment of organic solid waste at home and abroad, has increasingly garnered widespread research and application in recent years. Simultaneously, the digestate generated from anaerobic digestion contains a significant amount of organic matter and pathogens, making the effective disposal of digesate a key factor in promoting the anaerobic digestion technology for organic solid waste. By analyzing the current status of resource utilization of organic solid waste domestically and internationally, this study summarizes the current challenges and research progress in anaerobic digestion technology for organic solid waste. It elucidates the treatment methods and carbon emission characteristics of digestate at the end of anaerobic digestion, and proposes future research focuses on anaerobic digestion technology for organic solid waste and the digestate at the end of digestion, providing insights for China's resource utilization of organic solid waste, achievement of the “dual carbon” goals, and reduction of environmental pollution.
  • Progress in the Screening of Cellulolytic Strains and Enzymatic Properties in Animals
    YANG Lijun, HUANG Yuwan, LI Shaogang, CAO Qian, WANG Ruili
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 9-15. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.002
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    Cellulose is the most abundant polysaccharide in the world, with extremely high application value, but the polarity of cellulose molecules and the interaction force between molecular chains are very strong, and the six-membered pyran ring structure in cellulose makes it difficult to rotate inside, which is a major obstacle to cellulose degradation. Recent studies have indicated the presence of microbial flora in the digestive tract and feces of herbivores that exhibit strong cellulose degradation capabilities. Therefore, utilizing microbial flora within animal bodies to address environmental pollution and agricultural waste presents significant implications. This review summarizes the recent progress in the screening of cellulosedegrading bacterial strains and the enzymatic properties found in the digestive tracts and feces of animals, providing valuable insights for the future utilization of cellulosedegrading bacterial strains and the study of cellulosedegrading enzymes.
  • Genetic Parameter Evaluation of Body Size Traits in Two-month-old East Friesien-Hu Hybrid Sheep
    WANG Menghan, ZHANG Zhuangbiao, BAI Yuheng, LIANG Yilin, LI Ran, JIANG Yu
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 16-21. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.003
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    Based on whole-genome resequencing data, this study focuses on 719 East Friesian-Hu hybrid sheep from Shaanxi Shanghe Sheep Farm. Utilizing SPSS and BLUPF90 software, genetic parameters for traits such as body height, body length, chest width, chest depth, chest girth, and cannon circumference were estimated. The results indicate that the heritability of body height, body length, chest width, chest depth, chest girth, and cannon circumference for 2-month-old East Friesian-Hu hybrid sheep is 0.32, 0.32, 0.23, 0.40, 0.28, and 0.35, respectively. Genetic correlations among body size traits ranged from 0.58 to 0.86, while phenotypic correlations ranged from 0.35 to 0.59. Notably, there exists a strong correlation between chest girth and both chest width and chest depth, suggesting the potential for indirect selection of these three traits to accelerate breeding progress. This study provides a genetic assessment of body size traits in East Friesian-Hu hybrid sheep in Shaanxi region, and explores the genetic relationships between different body size traits. The findings offer a theoretical basis for optimizing breeding schemes and genetic evaluations.
  • Effects of Fattening Dietary with Different Energy and Protein Levels on Rumen Environment of Yaks
    Luosang Dunzhu, ZHANG Nan, WANG Hongzhuang, Cidan Yangji, Oujie Ciren, JIANG Nan, Basang Wangdui
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 22-31. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.004
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    This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different energy and protein levels in diets during the fattening period on fermentation parameters and microbial diversity in the rumen of yaks. A total of 48 Niangya yaks, aged 2.5 years and with similar body weight and condition, were selected. They were randomly divided into 6 groups using a 3×2 two-factor design based on different energy levels (7.63, 8.25, and 8.88 MJ/kg) and protein levels (10.84%, 12.82%), with 8 replicates per group (half male and half female), and one yak per replicate. The adaptation period lasted for 15 days, followed by a trial period of 60 days. The results showed that 1) in yaks' rumen, NH3-N content in low energy group was significantly lower than that in medium and high energy groups (P<0.05). The molar percentage of acetic acid was significantly higher in high-energy group compared to the low-energy group (P<0.05). The molar percentages of isobutyric acid and isovalerate were significantly higher in high-energy group than in medium energy group (P<0.05), and the molar percentage of valerate was significantly higher in high-energy group than in both low and medium energy groups (P<0.05). The molar percentage of butyrate in medium energy group was significantly higher than that in low energy group (P<0.05). The molar percentage of valerate in high protein group was significantly higher than that in low protein group (P<0.05). There was a significant interaction between dietary energy and protein levels on NH3-N concentration (P<0.05). 2) In rumen microflora, the Chao 1 index in high protein group was significantly lower than that in low protein group (P<0.05). There was a significant interaction between dietary energy and protein levels on the Chao1 and Shannon indices (P<0.05). 3) The relative abundance of Tenericutes in medium energy group was significantly higher than that in high energy group (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Patescibacteria in low energy group was significantly lower than that in medium and high energy groups (P<0.05), while it was significantly higher in high protein group than that in low protein group (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Bacterium F082 in high energy group was significantly higher than that in low energy group (P<0.05), and the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group was significantly lower than that in low energy group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the enegery level of diets during fattening period did not affect the rumen environment of yaks. However, a low protein level reduced rumen ammonia nitrogen content and increased rumen microbial richness, although it did not affect the composition of rumen microorganisms.
  • Effects of Yeast Culture on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters and Immunological Property of Weaned Piglets
    LIANG Cheng, RANG Yi, GAO Yuhui, WU Xiaoting, SHI Xin'e
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 32-38. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.005
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    The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of yeast culture on the growth performance, blood biochemical parameters, antioxidant and immune indicators of weaned piglets. 72 weaned piglets at 21 days of age with an average weight of 6.80±0.03 kg were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into four groups with six replicates per group and three piglets per replicate. The control group was fed the basal diet, and the 1% YC, 2% YC, and 4% YC groups were added 1%, 2%, and 4% of  yeast cultures to the basal diet, respectively, for an experimental period of 28 d. The results showed that (1) after 28 d of feeding, the BW of the 4% YC group was highly increased compared with that of the control group (P<0.01), during 1~14 days, the ADG in the 4% YC group significantly increased (P<0.05), and during 1~28 days, the ADG in the 4% group showed a trend of increase (0.05<P<0.1). (2) The HDL-C content in the 1% YC, 2% YC, and 4% YC groups was significantly increased, the LDL-C content was significantly reduced (P<0.01), and a trend towards decreased BUN-P content was observed (0.05<P<0.1) The GPT content in 2% YC and 4% YC groups was significantly increased(P<0.05). (3) MDA content were markedly lower in the 1% YC, 2% YC, and 4% YC groups, while the contents of SOD, CAT, and T-AOC were significantly elevated (P<0.01 ). (4) The content of IgG was significantly higher in the 1% YC, 2% YC, and 4% YC groups (P<0.01), the content of IgM in the 1% YC group and 4% YC group showed a significant increase (P<0.01). These results showed that yeast culture can enhance the antioxidant capacity and bolster the immune function in weaned piglets, in addition to improving their lipid function. Specifically, incorporating 4% yeast culture into their diet has a beneficial effect on the growth performance of piglets.
  • The Effect of Feed Supplemented with Ginkgo biloba Leaves on Growth Performance, Intramuscular Fat Deposition, and Muscle Antioxidant Capacity of Growing-finishing Sujiang Pigs
    GUI Wenlong, ZHANG Guangfeng, XU Weixiang, LIU Li, LU Jiang, CHEN Jingjing
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 39-46. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.006
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    This experiment was conducted to estimate the effect of the feed supplemented with Ginkgo biloba leaves on the growth performance, intramuscular fat deposition, and muscle antioxidant capacity of growing-finishing Sujiang pigs. Seventy-two growing-finishing Sujiang pigs with similar body weight of (50.45±1.23) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 6 replicates per group and 3 pigs per replicate. The control group was fed a basic diet, while the experimental groups were fed a basic diet containing 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% Ginkgo biloba leaves, respectively. The trial lasted 42 days after 7 d adaptation. After the experiment, the backfat thickness, intramuscular fat content (IMF) , fatty acid composition, and intramuscular antioxidant indicators in the longissimus dorsal muscle were measured, and the relative mRNA expression levels of related antioxidant molecules were measured using real-time fluorescence PCR. The results showed that: 1) Compared with the control group, the diet supplemented with 0.3% Ginkgo biloba leaves (P<0.01) and 0.5% Ginkgo biloba leaves (P<0.05) significantly increased the IMF content, and 0.3% Ginkgo biloba leaves in the diet significantly reducded backfat thickness (P<0.05). The addition of different doses of Ginkgo biloba leaves had no significant effect on average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed to weight ratio (F/G) compared to the control group. 2) Compared with the control group, the addition of 0.3% Ginkgo biloba leaves in the diet significantly increased the contents of intramuscular monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), oleic acid and linolenic acid (P<0.05), and significantly reduced the content of saturated fatty acid (SFA), n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA ratio, atherogenic index (AI) and thrombosis index (TI) (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the diet added with 0.3% and 0.5% Ginkgo biloba leaves significantly reduced intramuscular malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P<0.05)  and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P<0.05) . Moreover, the 0.3% Ginkgo biloba leaves in the diet increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px) activity (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, the addition of 0.3% and 0.5% Ginkgo biloba leaves upregulated the relative mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT), nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the longissimus dorsi muscle (P<0.05). In addition, adding 0.3% Ginkgo biloba leaves to feed upregulated the relative mRNA expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) (P<0.05). In summary, the addition of Ginkgo biloba leaves to feed can upregulate the genes expression of related molecules in Nrf2 signaling pathway, improve intramuscular antioxidant capacity, reduce MUFA and PUFA peroxidation, increase IMF content. The diet with 0.3% Ginkgo biloba leaves can more effectively improve the n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA ratio, AI, and TI in the longissimus dorsal muscle.
  • Effects of Inulin on Growth Performance, Organ Index, and Antioxidant Capacity of Mice
    YUN Hang, ZHANG Yifan, WANG Peiwen, XU Yanrui, LIANG Dongyun, ZHANG Xiaowen, GUO Yaodong
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 47-52. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.007
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    This study aimed to investigate the effects of inulin on growth performance, organ indices, and antioxidant capacity in mice. Forty 4-week-old male mice were randomly allocated into five groups, with 8 mice in each group. The negative control group (NC) received a basal diet, and four experimental groups were supplemented with 0.25 g· kg-1· d-1 short-chain inulin (SL), 0.5 g · kg-1· d-1  short-chain inulin (SH), 0.25 g· kg-1· d-1  long-chain inulin (LL), and 0.5 g· kg-1· d-1 long-chain inulin at a high dose (LH). Following a 3-day pre-trial period, the formal trial lasted 28 days. At the end of the experiment, growth performance and organ indices were evaluated, and antioxidant parameters in serum and liver tissue were measured. The results revealed that:  (1) Compared to the NC group, average daily feed intake (ADFI) significantly increased in SH, LL, and LH groups (P<0.05), with SH and LL groups showing higher ADFI than the SL group (P<0.05). (2) The liver index in the LH group was significantly lower than that in the NC group (P<0.05), while serum levels of GSH-Px and CAT were significantly elevated (P<0.05). MDA levels were significantly reduced in SH, LL, and LH groups (P<0.05).  (3) In liver tissue, LH and SH groups exhibited significantly higher levels of GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT (P<0.05) and lower levels of MDA (P<0.05) compared to the NC group; LL group showed a significant increase in SOD levels (P<0.05). Additionally, SOD elevation in the LH group surpassed that of SH and LL groups (P<0.05), and MDA reduction was greater in LH than LL (P<0.05); SH group improved liver SOD and CAT levels more effectively than SL group (P<0.05). In conclusion, both long-chain inulin and high-dose short-chain inulin significantly enhanced ADFI in mice. Notably, high-dose long-chain inulin demonstrated the greatest efficacy in lowering liver index and enhancing systemic antioxidant capacity.
  • Effect of Early Weaning Methods on Growth Performance and Slaughter Performance of Zhongwei Goat kids
    DU Haidong, SHANG Qianqian, LU Jie, MA Yanlong, HU Kang, YU Chunshan, YE Yong, ZHENG Huiling
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 53-57. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.008
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    To investigate the effects of different early weaning strategies on the growth and slaughter performance of Zhongwei male kids, 36 newborn male kids (body weight 3.42±0.05 kg, within 3 days of age) were randomly allocated into three groups: a control group (CK), a weight-based weaning group (Experimental Group I), and an age-based weaning group (Experimental Group II). Each group consisted of three replicates, with four kids per replicate. Results indicated that kids in the experimental groups had higher body weight at 90 days, average daily gain, and body height compared to those in the CK group, with Experimental Group I showing significantly higher values (P<0.05). The weaning weight in Experimental Group I was significantly higher than that in Group II (P<0.01), although the differences in average daily gain at weaning between the two groups were not significant (P>0.05). Moreover, carcass weight, rumen weight, reticulum weight, abomasum weight, and small intestine weight were higher in the experimental groups than in CK, with Group I significantly exceeding CK in these indicators (P<0.05). No significant differences were found among the three groups regarding slaughter rate, omasum weight, and large intestine weight (P>0.05). These findings suggest that early weaning of Zhongwei male kids is feasible, and weaning at a body weight of approximately 10 kg yields better outcomes.
  • The Impact of Enclosure on Productivity and Diversity of Grassland in Bashang Hebei
    WANG Fei, WU Dan, YUAN Shihui, XING Zhixian, WANG Rende
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 58-65. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.009
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    To investigate the effects of enclosure on the productivity and biodiversity of grassland plots in the Bashang agro-pastoral ecotone of northern Hebei, ground-based ecological observations were conducted from 2016 to 2022 at the regional monitoring station. Three grassland types-montane grassland (Tujingzi plot), saline grassland (Suluotan plot), and typical steppe (Daliangdi plot)-were selected to examine species composition, population dynamics, interannual fluctuations in community structure, differences inside and outside enclosures, and changes in biodiversity. The monitoring results show that following enclosure or grazing prohibition, there were significant changes in community height, coverage, and biomass, indicating positive vegetation restoration effects. In the typical steppe, comparative analyses between enclosed and non-enclosed plots revealed that under light grazing pressure, productivity outside the enclosure was comparable to that within, without signs of degradation. However, biodiversity outside the enclosure was notably higher. This study demonstrates that while enclosure can enhance productivity, it may negatively affect biodiversity. Conversely, light grazing pressure can sustain relatively high productivity while also promoting biodiversity conservation. These findings provide scientific support for local grassland ecological protection and sustainable livestock development.
  • Effects of Returning Livestock and Poultry Manure to the Land on Nutrient Absorption, Yield and Soil Fertility of Maize in the West Liaohe Plain
    LI Yanli, LIU Yuqi, MEI Ying, XIANG Yajun, XIN Xin, DAI Dongming, HUANG Yongli, CHENG Hongxia, FENG Zizhou, LIU Guiru
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 66-74. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.010
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    To explore the optimal model of returning manure to the land for livestock and poultry breeding in the West Liaohe Plain, and to clarify the effects of manure application on soil properties and nutrient absorption by maize, a study was conducted using 11 kinds of manure and chemical fertilizer gradient management models. The treatment groups were as follows: a control group with no fertilizer (CK, CF0M0), full manure application (CF0M10), manure-fertilizer combinations (CF1M9 to CF8M2) and full manure application (CF10M0). The results showed that the contents of available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter in the 10~20 cm soil layer increased by 81.78%, 6.52%,31.90%, respectively, compared to the CK treatment; and these indicators increased by 6.11%, 20.76%,33.79%, respectively, compared to the CF10M0 treatment. There was a highly significant positive correlation between soil organic matter content and the levels of available phosphorus and available potassium (P<0.01). In the 20~40 cm soil layer, cation exchange capacity in the CF7M3 treatment was higher than in the CK and CF10M0 treatments, showing increases of 13.74% and 2.76%, respectively. Cation exchange rate exhibited a significant positive correlation with the amount of chemical fertilizer applied (P<0.05). Additionally, soil conductivity was decreased by 8.55% and 29.34% in the CF7M3 treatment compared to the CK and CF10M0 treatments, with a highly significant negative correlation (P<0.01) noted between conductivity and manure application. 2) During the big trumpet stage and tasseling stage, the nitrogen intake in maize organs in the CF7M3 treatment was significantly higher than in other treatments, showing increases of 11.8 to 30.6%, 34.3 to 36.8% and 24.9 to 37.5%, respectively, compared to the CK treatment. At maturity, phosphorus absorption in corn organs in the CF7M3 treatment was increased by 25.3%, 36.8%, 14.5% compared with the CK treatment, and by 16.6%, 53.1%, 22.2% compared to the CF10M0 treatment. （3) The CF7M3 treatment yielded the highest seed setting rate of 77.98%, and the maximum yield of 5 594.88 kg/hm2, representing increases of 52.05% and 1.52% compared to the CK and CF0M10 treatments, respectively, and a 2.63% increase over local conventional farming practices. In conclusion, applying livestock manure to replace 30% of chemical fertilizers can enhance nutrient content in various soil layers in the West Liaohe Plain, promote nitrogen and phosphorus absorption by maize, and increase maize yield.
  • Whole Genome Sequencing and Coding Gene Cluster Analysis of Bacteriocin-Producing Lactobacillus LQY-4
    LI Qiyao, MA Mingrui, JIANG Lüpeng, LI Guojiang, DONG Wenlong
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 75-80. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.011
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    The overreliance on antibiotics in the clinical treatment of bovine mastitis has led to increased drug residues in milk and the emergence of drug-resistant strains, posing a threat to human health. This study aims to analyze the whole genome sequence of a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from cows with mastitis, LQY-4, which produces active substances against the major pathogens of bovine mastitis. It also aims to explore the functional genes of LQY-4 and lay a solid foundation for the development of novel alternative products. Based on WGS analysis of LQY-4, the genomic basic functional annotation was performed using the GO, eggNOG, KEGG, Swissprot and TrEMBL databases, and the information of bacteriocin synthesis-related gene clusters was further explored. The results showed that the LQY-4 genome predicted a total of 3,165 coding genes, with a total length of 2,870,634 bp and a GC content of 44.23%. BAGEL4 analysis revealed that the secreted bacteriocins Plantaricin JK, Plantaricin EF, Plantaricin N and Plantaricin A belong to class II bacteriocins, and HlyD is an ABC-type bacteriocin transport protein. In conclusion, it is inferred that the bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum LQY-4 is mediated through ABC transporters, which disrupt the normal physiological function of sensitive bacterial strains by damaging their cell membranes. The bacteriocins produced by LQY-4 are expected to be used as a new type of alternative product for the prevention and treatment of bovine mastitis.
  • Preparation and Identification of Monoclonal Antibodies against Canine Parvovirus VP2 Protein
    GONG Ting, MA Hui, ZHENG Ming
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 81-84. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.012
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    To obtain monoclonal antibodies against canine parvovirus (CPV)VP2 protein, prokaryotic expression technology was used to truncate the expression of VP2 protein and prepare monoclonal antibodies using the expressed protein. The results indicated the successful generation of three stable monoclonal antibodies (C6F7, D2E4, E3F6) , with antibody titers of 1∶1 024 000, 1∶1 024 000, 1∶2 048 000, respectively. The chromosome numbers were found to be 106, 105, 103, with heavy chains identified as IgG1, IgG2b, and IgG1, and light chains as κ chains. These antibodies exhibited specific reactivity towards the VP2 protein and CPV infected F81 cells and did not crossreact with four common viruses. This indicates the successful generation of three protein monoclonal antibodies with high antibody titers, strong specificity, and good immunological activity against the VP2 protein, which will lay a foundation for fundamental research on CPV and the development of immunological diagnostic kits.
  • Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance in 41 Strains of Swine-Origin Escherichia coli and the Effects of Chinese Medicine on Their Apparent Resistance
    LYU Sufang, XU Qianqian, GUO Guangjun, LI Feng
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 85-90. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.013
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    This study analyzes the antibiotic resistance and the presence of β-lactam resistance genes in 41 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from pigs in Shandong province. The MIC of seven single herbs and five Chinese herbal compounds against Escherichia coli were determined using the micro double dilution method. Umei, Schisandra chinensis and Qingwen Baidu Powder had good antibacterial effect in vitro, with MIC of 62.5 mg/mL, 62.5 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL, respectively, which were all moderately sensitive. The detection rates of SHV, OXA, CTX-M, CMY, and TEM genes of 41 strains were 2.44%, 9.76%, 31.71%, 0%, and 70.73%, respectively. The β-lactam drug sensitivity genes were mainly TEM and CTX-M types. Following treatment with traditional Chinese medicines, the susceptibility of the tested bacterial strains to antibiotics showed varying degrees of enhancement. This study provides references for selecting alternative anti-bacterial products, which helps the rational formulation of farming strategies. 
  • A Case Report of Canine Ectopic Thyroid Carcinoma
    WANG Fang, L-Nana , FAN Zhijia, YANG Zhaozhu , YANG Jinbao
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 91-95. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.014
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    A 6-year-old mixed-breed dog presented with mild dyspnea, exacerbation of respiratory distress post-exercise, and pronounced vomiting. The owner reported normal feeding, deworming and immunization practices for the affected dog. To determine the underlying cause of these symptoms, a comprehensive clinical examination, X-ray, B-mode ultrasound, and computed tomography (CT) scan were performed. Subsequent cytological examination through surgical puncture sampling was also conducted. The results showed that the dog was alert and responsive, with abnormal cardiac auscultation. Physical examination revealed fluid fluctuations in the thoracic region without palpable masses or abnormalities elsewhere. X-ray imaging showed cardiomegaly and minimal pleural effusion. Ultrasound examination showed significant masses in the cardiac ventricular base and septum. CT imaging demonstrated bilateral pleural effusions, minimal pericardial effusion, areas of increased lung density, thickened mediastinum, irregular nodules and masses at the cardiac base, enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes, and mildly enlarged hepatic lymph nodes without evidence of bone dissolution. Microscopic examination of mediastinal tissue cell staining showed hyperchromatic irregularly shaped nuclei, exposed or free chromatin in a  punctate to lace-like pattern, and pale pink cytoplasm. The comprehensive imaging and cytological findings led to a diagnosis of ectopic thyroid carcinoma in the dog. This case highlights the characteristic DR and CT features of canine ectopic thyroid carcinoma, which aid in localizing the sizing the lesion. However, definitive diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tumors requires histopathological evaluation to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment planning for veterinary patients.
  • The Structure and Diversity of Air Microbial Community in Sheepfold
    YU Youli, WANG Jiandong, GUO Yanan, GAO Haihui
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 96-102. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.015
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    To study the bacterial community structure, diversity and pathogenic bacterial genus characteristics in the air of the sheepfold, three sets of air samples from three different scale sheepfold were collected for the experiment, totaling 18 samples. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technique was applied. The results showed that in terms of microbial diversity, YCSH1, YCSH2, and YCSM samples obtained a total of 334 015 gene sequences, generating 1 867 independent operating taxonomic units (OTUs）, including 24 phyla, 48 classes, 87 orders, 141 families, 152 genera, and 81 species of bacteria. Alpha diversity analysis showed differences in species diversity, evenness, and coverage among the three sample groups. At the level of bacterial phylum, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the predominant bacteria groups. Among them, Firmicutes (97.90%~98.43%）had the highest abundance. At the level of genus, the highest abundance was found in Bacillus, Bacteroidetes, Clostridium, among which Bacillus (85.47%~89.87%）had the highest abundance. The study analyzed the diversity, abundance, and characteristics of the main pathogenic genera of microorganisms in air samples from different sheepfolds, which has certain guiding significance for disease prevention and control in sheep farms.
  • Effect of Polystyrene Plastic from Chicken Manure on Intestinal Microbial Community Structure and Metablic Mechanism of Mealworm Larvae
    JIANG Yunpeng, MA Yongqi, AN Liangjia, WANG Jiali, QI Wenrui, GUAN Wenping, ZHANG Yindi, SUN Likun
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 103-110. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.016
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    With the extensive use of polystyrene in modern society, more and more polystyrene plastic waste is gathering in various environments of livestock production, and the long-term accumulation will hinder the growth and development of livestock and poultry. For this reason, finding an effective degradation pathway has become an urgent task to ensure the safety of livestock production. In this study, yellow mealworm larvae were divided into eight groups and fed chicken manure and polystyrene foam to investigate their growth and development. High-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the diversity of gut bacteria and the composition of bacterial communities. The results show that the survival rate and body weight of the larvae in all groups except the bran-fed group decreased to different degrees, and the polystyrene plastic and chicken manure in the mixed-feeding group decreased significantly; the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora of the larvae fed on the mixed diets decreased significantly, and the dominant organisms in the intestinal tracts of the larvae fed on the mixed diets at the phylum level were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes; at the genus level, the dominant bacteria in the intestinal tract of the larvae feeding on mixed diets were Spiroplasma, Enterococcus and Lactococcus; the KEGG function prediction was used to identify the bacteria related to the degradation function of polystyrene. A total of 18 genes related to polystyrene degradation were found through KEGG function prediction. The abundance of polystyrene degradation related pathways in the intestinal flora of yellow mealworm larvae from the polystyrene feeding group increased, and the expression of related genes was enhanced. In conclusion, the ratio of 6 parts polystyrene to 4 parts chicken manure was beneficial to the body weight and survival rate of the larvae. The gut microbial community changed considerably with the change of feeding food, suggesting that a variety of polystyrene plastic-degrading bacteria may be present in the gut of the yellow mealworm.
  • Do Livestock and Poultry Environmental Protection Policies Promote High Quality Development of China's Pig Industry
    MA Kun, SUO Lingmin
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 111-118. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.017
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    The environmental protection policy for livestock and poultry have a profound impact on the development of the pig industry. However, the pathways and directions of this influence awaits further investigation. This paper delineates the influence of livestock and poultry environmental protection policies on the development of the pig industry from four dimensions: efficient output, green development, effective prevention and control, and scientific breeding. A multi-period Difference-in-difference (DID) model was employed to validate the impact of these policies on the high-quality development level of China's pig industry. The results showed that the environmental protection policies significantly enhanced the high-quality development level of China's pig industry, with notable regional heterogeneity in their effects, particularly having the most significant impact on constrained development areas. Moreover, the scale of development driven by environmental protection policies somewhat obscured the positive effects of these policies on the high-quality development level of the pig industry. Consequently, this study recommends further refinement of the policy system, the development of moderate-scale breeding, and the establishment of a scientifically sound and regionally appropriate industry governance system to promote the high-quality development of China's pig industry.
  • The Application of Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Technology in the Detection of Animal Disease Pathogens
    ZHANG Mingshi, ZHOU Ruoyan, YANG Jing, LIN Jiadi, ZHAO Xiaomin
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 119-123. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.018
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    Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a recently developed isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique based on the use of recombinase enzymes capable of binding single-stranded nucleic acids (oligonucleotide primers), single-stranded DNA-binding proteins, and strand-displacing DNA polymerases. This method does not require a PCR instrument, offering advantages such as simple operation, rapid reaction times, high specificity, and high detection sensitivity. It holds significant potential for rapid detection of animal diseases. This review summarizes the current application status of RPA technology in the detection of pathogens responsible for animal diseases, discusses its prospects, and aims to provide a reference for rapid diagnosis and control of animal diseases.
  • Research Progress on the Acrermonium Terricola Culture in Livestock and Poultry Production
    ZHU Zherui, GUO Shijiao, TONG Jinjin, GAO Jiarui
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(7): 124-128. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.07.019
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    Acrermonium terricola culture (ATC), as a fungal feed additive derived from Cordyceps, contains various bioactive compounds such as cordycepic acid, cordycepin, and polysaccharides. These compounds exhibit multiple biological functions, including enhancing animal production performance, increasing antioxidant capacity, and strengthening the immune system. This article reviews the main physicochemical properties, biological activities, and recent research progress regarding the application of ATC in livestock and poultry production. The aim is to explore novel natural and green additives for the post-antibiotic era in animal husbandry, thereby promoting sustainable and healthy development in the industry.
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
Monthly ,Founded in 1980
Superintendent: Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
Sponsored by: Northwest A&F University
Chief Editor: CHEN Yulin
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ISSN 1673-1182
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