17 January 2025, Volume 46 Issue 1

    

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  Research Progress of Factors Influencing Programmed Fetal Development in Domestic Animals

  HE Xiaona, JIN Lu, LI Shengli, ZHANG Chongzhi, ZHANG Chunhua, GAO Ruiling, SUN Haizhou

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.001

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  Fetal  programmed  development  refers to the short-  and  long-term  effects  that maternal stressors can have on offspring during the developmental stages of the fetus in utero. The physiological development and growth environment of the intrauterine fetus not only determines the viability of the newborn litter, but is also closely related to both animal performance and the immune response to animal diseases. Studies have shown that fetal developmental patterns may be adjusted by epigenetic modifications when the environment for fetal development is disturbed during  the  critical  window  of gestation.  The  study  of potential,  positive  and  adaptive  fetal programming has significant implications for the sustainability of animal husbandry. Therefore, this paper reviews the use of animal models to explore the effects of various maternal “stressors” on fetal growth and development, particularly the effects of assisted reproductive technologies, maternal nutrition and microorganisms on pregnancy, in order to further explore the potential mechanisms underlying fetal programming.
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  Research Progress on Gastrointestinal Flora in Camels

  BAI Ru, Oren Akhberdi, Muguli Muhaxi, ZHANG Xiaole, YUAN Qingqing

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 9-16. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.002

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  Gastrointestinal flora is closely related to host's digestion, absorption, health status and disease occurrence. The uniqueness and complexity of camel diet directly affect the diversity and abundance of gastrointestinal flora. With the development and maturity of high-throughput sequencing technology, the study of camel gastrointestinal flora is becoming increasingly in-depth. This article mainly summarizes the structure of camel gastrointestinal flora, the factors affecting camel gastrointestinal flora, camel intestinal flora and diseases, and the research progress of camel gastrointestinal functional microorganisms. It provides a reference for the improvment of microecological environment in camel gastrointestinal tract, the prevention and controll of occurrence of large-scale infectious diseases, and the development and utilization of camel-derived probiotics.
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  Effects of FTO on the Expression of Lipid Metabolism-related Genes and Triglyceride Synthesis in Dairy Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells

  YAO Dawei, GUO Xiaofei, LIU Yu, LI Yupeng, CHEN Longbin, ZHANG Jinlong, ZHANG Xiaosheng

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 17-25. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.003

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  This study aims to investigate the effects of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) on the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and triglyceride (TAG) synthesis in mammary epithelial cells (DMECs) of dairy goats through overexpression and interference techniques. The complete coding sequence (CDS) of the FTO gene in the mammary tissue of diary goats (Capra hircus) was cloned, and an FTO overexpression vector was constructed. Additionally, small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting FTO were designed and synthesized. RT-qPCR was used to detect changes in the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and triglyceride content in DMECs after overexpressing or interfering with the FTO gene. The results indicated that the full length of the FTO gene CDS region in dairy goat was 1 518 bp, with sequence homology of 99%, 97% and 96% to sheep (Ovis aries) (NM_001104931.1), cattle (Bos taurus) (NM_001098142.1) and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) (XM_006043050.4), respectively. Overexpression of FTO in DMECs significantly upregulated the mRNA levels of sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBF1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2(DGAT2) (P<0.05), while significantly downregulating the expression levels of triglyceride hydrolysis-related genes such as hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) (P<0.05). Furthermore, the TAG content in the cells significantly increased. Conversely, interference with FTO in DMECs yielded opposite results. In conclusion, FTO gene plays an important role in regulating lipid metabolism in DMECs of dairy goats, providing a theoretical basis for improving the regulatory network of lipid metabolism in mammary gland of dairy goat. 
  
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  Study on miR-486 Inhibiting the Proliferation of Ovarian Granulosa Cells in Dairy Goats by Suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway

  LIU Shujuan, AN Xiaopeng, CAO Binyun

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 26-31. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.004

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  The proliferation of granulosa cells is closely related to the follicular development and atresia. In this experiment, the previous transcriptome sequencing was used to analyze the differentially expressed miRNAs in the ovaries of dairy goat with lambed singleton and fecundity, and it was found that in the ovaries of dairy goat with lambed singleton, miR-486 was differentially expressed. In order to further study the function of miR-486 in ovarian granulosa cells, miR-486 mimic, mimic NC, miR-486 inhibitor, inhibitor NC were synthesized and transfected into primary ovarian granulosa cells in vitro by using RT-qPCR, Western blot, CCK-8, EdU methods to detect the regulation of miR-486 on granulosa cell proliferation and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The results showed that miR-486 significantly inhibited the viability and proliferation of granulosa cells, and at the same time inhibited the expression of PI3K total protein and AKT and mTOR phosphorylated proteins. Therefore, miR-486 inhibits the proliferation of granulosa cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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  Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Birth Weight in Australian White Sheep

  SUN Zihan, Mairibiya·Mamuti, LI Yanshen, Yiming·Sulaiman, YANG Huiguo, MA Zhengwei, WANG Quanfeng

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 32-36. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.005

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  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of non-genetic factors on birth weight and estimate the genetic parameters in Australian white sheep. In this study, the non-genetic factors including year of birth, season of birth, order of general linear model, birth type and sex were analyzed using GLM in SAS 9.4 software. DMUAI module of DMU software was utilized to estimate the variance components of the initial weight. According to the single-trait model, the heritability of birth weight and maternal heritability of Australian white sheep were 0.28 and 0.22, respectively. The results showed that birth year, birth season, birth order, birth type and sex have significant effects on birth weight of Australian white sheep, and the parity has no significant effect on the birth weight of newborns. These results provide a reference for genetic evaluation and statistical model of genetic parameters estimation in Australian white sheep.
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  Effects of Different Concentrate Formulations on Growth and Development of Xinong Saanen Goat Kids

  HAN Leiyingjie, YAO Weiwei, CHENG Min, WENG Yunan, QU Hexuan, LUO Jun

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 37-43. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.006

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  This study aims to investigate the effects of replacing corn with wheat in the concentrate feed on the growth and development of Saanen dairy goat lambs and their serum biochemical indices. A total of 80 newborn lambs (40 males and 40 females) with good homogeneity were selected and randomly divided into four groups based on gender: M and M2 for male lambs, and F1 and F2 for female lambs. The M1 and F1 groups were fed the control concentrate feed formulation 1, while the M2 and F2 groups were fed the experimental concentrate feed formulation 2, which replaced 30% of the corn with wheat. The body weight of the lambs was measured every two weeks, while body measurements were taken every four weeks, and blood samples were collected for serum biochemical analysis. The results indicated that replacing 30% of corn with wheat in the concentrate feed did not significantly affect the average daily weight gain, body measurements, or serum biochemical indices of the lambs (P>0.05). However, the gender of the lambs influenced their growth and development, with male lambs exhibiting a higher average daily weight gain compared to female lambs (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in body measurements or serum biochemical indices between the different genders (P>0.05). In conclusion, when wheat prices are low, it is feasible to replace 30% of corn with wheat in the concentrate feed for dairy goat lambs, which will not affect their normal growth and development. And in the meantime, it can save the cost.
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  Complete Genome Sequencing Analysis of a Bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum MX1

  HUA Wenjing, LI Wenjie, LIU Mimi, SU Hui, LI Guojiang, DONG Wenlong

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 44-49. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.007

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  The purpose of this study was to analyze the complete genome sequence of a bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum MX1, and further explore the functional characteristic genes of this strain, so as to provide theoretical basis for developing new alternative antibiotic products of bovine mastitis. In this experiment, third-generation high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to conduct complete genome sequencing of MX1. Bioinformatics software was used to assemble the genome sequence, predict genes, and perform functional annotation analysis. Additionally, a detailed investigation of the bacteriocin synthesis gene cluster was conducted. A total of 3 024 coding genes were predicted, with a total gene length of 2 759 157 bp. MX1 contains ABC transporter genes which can assist bacteriocin transport, as well as six bacteriocins: PlantaricinK, PlantaricinJ, PlantaricinN, PlantaricinA, PlantaricinF, PlantaricinE. This indicates that the strain is capable of synthesizing and secreting bacteriocins, thus ensuring its bacteriostatic properties. In conclusion, the complete genome sequencing and analysis of MX 1 provide important reference data for the development of Lactobacillus plantarum MX 1 as an antibiotic substitute for the prevention and treatment of bovine mastitis.
  
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  Effects of Different Copper Sources and Levels on Growth Performance and Immune Function of Weaned Piglets

  DIAO Hui, LU Yingying, LI Shuwei, TANG Wenjie, HE Peng, CAI Meiya, ZHOU Mengjia, YAN Jiayou, HUANG Chongbo, HE Zhiping, LI Mingzhou, SUN Zhihong

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 44-49. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.008

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  The study aimes to investigate the effects of dietary copper sources and levels on the growth performance and immune function of weaned piglets. A total of 120 Duroc × Landrance × Yorkshire (DLY) weaned piglets with an initial average body weight of 7.40 ± 1.1 kg aged at 28 days were divided into five groups, with six replicates per treatment and four pigs per replicate, based on the principle of similar weight and balanced male and female ratio and a completely randomized block design. The dietary treatment groups were as follows: control group, basal diet; 20 mg/kg copper citrate group (basal diet + 20 mg/kg copper citrate); 100 mg/kg copper citrate group (basal diet +100 mg/kg copper citrate); 20 mg/kg copper sulfate group (basal diet + 20 mg/kg copper sulfate) and 100 mg/kg copper sulfate group (basal diet +100 mg/kg copper sulfate. The whole trial lasted for 28 days. The results showed that no differences were observed in the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) among the five groups during the experimental period (P＞0.05). However, compared to the control group, the addition of 20 mg/kg copper citrate to the diet significantly elevated the levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IgA) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) (P＜0.05). Furthermore, the inclusion of 100 mg/kg copper citrate significantly increased the concentrations of serum IgG, IgA, IL-6, and IL-10 (P＜0.05). Similarly, dietary supplementation with 20 mg/kg copper sulfate led to a significant increase in the levels of serum IgG and IL-10 in the piglets (P＜0.05) . The colon mucosal IgG concentration significantly increased in the 20 mg/kg copper citrate group and 100 mg/kg copper citrate group (P＜0.05), compared with the control group. Additionally, higher concentration of IgA in the colonic mucosa of piglets (P＜0.05) was exhibited in other four groups. Besides, the colon mucosal IL-6 level in the 100 mg/kg copper citrate group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of 20 and 100 mg/kg of copper citrate in piglet diet effectively enhances the immune function of weaned piglets. 
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  Effects of Calving Score of Cows on Health Status and Production Performance of Cows and Calves

  WANG Xing, SHAO Kai, JIA Haobin, WANG Shanshan, XU Ming

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 57-63. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.009

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  To investigate the impact of calving conditions on the health and production performance of both dairy cows and calves, a study was conducted involving 1 466 Holstein cows (including 364 primiparous and 1 102 multiparous cows) from three high-yield farms in Inner Mongolia. The study tracked data related to the calving conditions of the cows, postpartum disease occurrences, peak milk yield, as well as the health conditions and daily weight gain of the calves during the lactation period. A calving score, based on a five-point scale of obstetric assistance intensity, was assigned, with higher scores indicating greater assistance intensity. The results indicated that as the calving scores of the cows increased, the postpartum disease scores for both primiparous and multiparous cows exhibited a quadratic increase (P<0.05), while peak milk yield showed a quadratic decline (P<0.05). Additionally, the disease scores of the calves during the lactation period revealed a quadratic increase (P<0.05), and the daily weight gain of the calves showed a quadratic decrease (P<0.05). These findings suggest that calving conditions significantly affect the health and production performance of both cows and calves, with excessive obstetric assistance having a considerably negative impact on both.
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  Establishment and Application of an Indirect ELISA Method for Detecting Antibodies against Avian Leukemia Virus

  SU Xiaoyue, LU Zhuanping, SHEN Ya'an, ZHAO Mingming, TANG Sijing

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 64-69. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.010

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  To establish a method for detecting antibodies against avian leukemia virus (ALV), this study established an indirect ELISA method for detecting ALV antibodies using prokaryotic expression of p27 protein. The results showed that the p27 protein was expressed in the form of inclusion bodies, and Western blot analysis showed that the p27 protein had good reactivity. The indirect ELISA method established using p27 protein as the coating antigen for detecting NDV, IBDV, IBV, AIV-H9, and ILTV positive serum was negative, with a minimum antibody titer of 1∶12800. The coincidence rate with the imported kit was 94.87%, and the positive rate for detecting clinical serum samples was 14.02%. In summary, the indirect ELISA method established in this study has strong specificity, high sensitivity, and good consistency, and will provide a simple and fast method for the detection and purification of ALV.
  
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  Visual Analysis of Domestic Animal Welfare Research Based on Knowledge Graph

  WANG Yongcai, WANG Shang, GAO Tengyun, TIAN Yadong, LI Guoxi, SUN Guirong, KANG Xiangtao

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 70-76. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.011

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  A total of 4 328 research papers on animal welfare from 2001 to 2022 were collected in the CNKI database, and subsequent visual analysis using knowledge graph software were conducted to clarify the current status and hot topics of animal welfare research in China, and its development trends was explored as well. The results indicate that animal welfare research in China can be roughly divided into three stages: accelerated start, steady development, and transformation, showing a mature and stable development trend. The research atmosphere for animal welfare is not strong, with a limited number of annual publications, a small number of professional researchers, and small and loosely connected research teams. The research hot topics  mainly focus on trade barriers, animal welfare legislation, laboratory animals, animal ethics, animal welfare education, animal welfare technology, and evaluation. According to the results, environmental enrichment, welfare technology, animal ethics, and the impact of animal welfare on biosafety and growth performance will be the research priorities in the field of animal welfare in China for a certain period of time in the future. Further efforts are needed to strengthen research and practice in animal welfare legislation, national education, and professional education.
  
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  Effects of Dietary Concentrate to Roughage Ratio on Production Performance of Pollutants in Feces and Urine of Cashmere Goats

  ZHANG Jing, ZHANG Xiaodong, LI Kenan, DU Haidong, Nameila, GUO Wenliang, LIU Shuwei, Narenhua

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 77-82. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.012

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  This study aims to investigate the effects of different concentrate-to-roughage ratios of diet on the pollutant production performance of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats. Eighteen male cashmere goats, aged 5 months and with similar body conditions (19.85±0.49 kg), were selected for the experiment. Alfalfa hay was used as the roughage, while corn and concentrate supplements were combined to form mixed concentrates. The concentrate-to-roughage ratios were set at 40∶60, 30∶70, and 20∶80. Following a 10-day pretest, a 60-day experiment was conducted. Feces and urine samples were collected to analyze the pollution indicators at the end of the experiment. The results indicated significant differences in fresh feces output among the dietary groups (P<0.05), with the 40∶60 group producing 33.62% and 59.44% more feces than the 30∶70 and 20∶80 groups, respectively. However, the water content and urine output were less affected by the concentrate-to-roughage ratio (P>0.05). Significant differences in the pollution coefficients for copper and zinc were observed among the groups (P<0.05), with the 40∶60 group exhibiting the highest pollution coefficients at 4.56 mg/d and 33.29 mg/d, respectively, surpassing those of the 30∶70 and 20∶80 groups. No significant differences were found for nitrogen and phosphorus pollution coefficients(P>0.05). The study results suggest that increasing the proportion of concentrates in the diet leads to higher pollution output from cashmere goats, alongside an increase in the copper and zinc content of the feces. Therefore, to enhance productivity while minimizing environmental pollution, it is essential to formulate feed recipes according to the nutritional needs of the goats. This research provides a theoretical basis for large-scale farming operations to adjust feces management practices based on changes in the concentrate-to-roughage ratio.
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  Deodorizing Effect of Atomized Spraying Biological Deodorant in Pig Houses with Different Manure Cleaning Processes

  HOU Jingyu, LIU Jun, JIANG Yongchao, YANG Jingye, YAN Zhichun, LIANG Xiaofei

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 83-89. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.013

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  The purpose of the experiment was to study the application effect of atomized spraying biological deodorant in pig houses in different manure cleaning processes. Relevant tests were carried out in a blister dung fattening farm in Jurong City, and in a dry collection  fattening farm in Changxing County. The same biological deodorant product was used in 2 trials, each lasting for a total of 10 days. The deodorant was applied on the 5th day, the 2nd-4th day was selected as the control group and the 5th-9th day as the experimental group. The test group was manually sprayed 6L deodorant in the pig house twice a day, and the concentration of ammonia (NH₃) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in the house was continuously monitored during the test. The results showed that after being treated with deodorant for 3 days, the concentrations of NH₃ and H₂S in the blister dung house reached the bottom, which were 2.24 mg/kg and 0.11 mg/kg, respectively. The removal rates were 73.08% and 72.50%, respectively, significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). In the dry collection house, the NH₃ concentration decreased to the lowest of 5.22 mg/kg after 5 days of treatment, with a removal rate of 52.65%. Additionally, the H₂S concentration reached its lowest of 0 mg/kg after 2 days of treatment, resulting in a removal rate of 100%, significantly lower compared to control group (P<0.01). These findings showed that spraying biological deodorant in the house effectively reduces NH₃ and H₂S concentrations in the blister dung house and dry collection house.
  
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  Investigation and Analysis of Fish Resources in Muma River

  CHEN Jun, GENG Shuo, HUJunming, ZHANG Guo

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 90-97. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.014

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  To understand the current status of fish resources in the Muma River for better protection of the fish genetic resources in this watershed, an investigation was conducted in 2018 and 2019. Three sampling sites were established along the upstream, midstream, and downstream sections of the Muma River. Various survey methods were utilized, including trap nets, three-layer gill nets, hand nets, and fishing rods, to analyze the fish resources of this first-order tributary of the Han River. The results indicated that the Muma River currently supports 34 fish species belonging to 8 families across 3 orders: 23 species from 2 families of the order Cypriniformes, 8 species from 3 families of the order Catostomatidae, and 3 species from 3 families of the order Perciformes. The fish community exhibited a Shannon diversity index of 3.65, a Simpson diversity index of 0.67, a Pielou evenness index of 0.72, and a Margalef richness index of 4.31, indicating a relatively rich diversity of fish species with a uniform distribution. Statistical analysis of the catch revealed that Hemicculter leuciclus and Liobagrus styani are the dominant species in the Muma River, with the Hemicculter leuciclus having an IRI index greater than 1000, establishing it as the absolute dominant species. Overall analysis suggests that the Muma River fish resources are facing issues of species reduction and individual size diminishment. Therefore, relevant measures should be taken to enhance the management and conservation of fishery resources.
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  Research on Electromagnetic Environment of Livestock and Poultry Farms

  XIONG Zhuqing, CHEN Yiran, LIU Ying, SUN Lei, LIU Yulong, YAN Yinfa, TIAN Ye, FENG Zemeng, YIN Yulong

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 98-107. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.015

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  With the advancement of next-generation information technologies, intelligent livestock and poultry farming has been accelerated. IoT-based smart farming equipment has been increasingly applied, leading to the emergence of various intelligent farming devices such as behavior monitoring, weight estimation, and environmental monitoring. Various wireless sensors within farming environments transmit data through electromagnetic waves, resulting in increasingly complex electromagnetic environments in livestock and poultry facilities. The electromagnetic radiation generated during intelligent farming and its potential effects on livestock and poultry health have become a growing concern. This paper reviews the changes in the electromagnetic environment of livestock and poultry farms in China, along with the current status of electromagnetic biological effects research both domestically and internationally. It discusses the impact of electromagnetic radiation on animal reproduction and development, cognition, and memory, immunity, cellular DNA damage, and repair, as well as stem cell proliferation and differentiation, across three frequency bands: low, medium, and high, based on in vitro cultured cells, tissues, and experimental animals. Furthermore, the paper reviews experimental setups for studying electromagnetic biological effects and the allowable exposure thresholds for electromagnetic radiation. It hypothesizes that the electromagnetic radiation associated with intelligent farming may have potential effects on livestock health. To address the emerging issue of electromagnetic pollution in the increasingly complex electromagnetic environment of smart farming, it is crucial for China to promptly advance research on establishing electromagnetic environment assessment standards and safety limits for livestock facilities while strengthening and rationalizing preventive and control measures to enhance livestock and poultry health.
  
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  Study on Fermentation Conditions of Cow Dung Aerobic Composting

  QI Jingjing, LIU Ruisheng, XU Jianfeng, XUE Chunsheng, GU Lingrong, ZHOU Yao, WANG Shengming, ZHANG Xinbao , LU Jisen

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 108-112. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.016

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  The experiment aims to screen and determine the optimal conditions for aerobic composting fermentation of cow dung. Different external environment temperatures ( 24 ℃, 32 ℃ ) and different addition ratios of cow dung were selected. The straw, rapeseed meal ( 6∶4∶0； 8∶1∶1 )，and cow dung were mixed， and 0.2 % compound microbial agent was then added to the mixture for aerobic composting fermentation test. The results showed that the fermentation effect of cow dung aerobic composting was better at 32 ℃ than at 24 ℃, and the fermentation effect of cow dung, straw and rapeseed meal (8∶1 ∶1 ) mixed aerobic composting was better than that of cow dung and straw ( 6∶4). In general, the aerobic composting fermentation effect of cow dung, straw and rapeseed meal ( 8∶1∶1 ) at 32 ℃ is the best，with fast manure maturity speed, good compost quality, which is suitable for aerobic composting fermentation of local cow dung.
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  Research Progress on Senecavirus A

  HOU Lina, QI Zhitao, Jigemude, CHEN Jiulian, LIU Yume, LI Xiaoyan, JU Hongli, LI Chao, LIU Dongxia, WANG Zihan, CHEN Jian

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 113-119. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.017

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  Senecavirus A, an emerging pathogen responsible for swine vesicular disease, exhibits notable evolutionary and transmissible characteristics. when infected in pigs, it manifests clinical symptoms resembling those of foot-and-mouth disease, resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry. In recent years, outbreaks of SVA infections have shown an upward trend in Brazil, the United States, and China. Currently, China still lacks standardized diagnostic methods and commercially available vaccines for SVA, underscoring the urgent need for further research so as to prevent its spread and transimission in china. This article provides a comprehensive review of the latest progress in SVA epidemiology, diagnostic approaches, and vaccine development, aiming to offer robust scientific support and practical insights for controlling SVA transmission and formulating effective prevention strategies.
  
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  Research and Application of Vitamin C in the Production of Laying Hens

  XU Rong, XU Shihui, YANG Haiming

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 120-124. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.018

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  Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin widely distributed in various tissues, serving as a potent antioxidant that can reduce many pathophysiological-relevant free radicals. In addition, it participates in various metabolic processes in the body and has the effects of enhancing immunity and resisting cold and heat stress. This paper introduces the impact of vitamin C on the production performance, stress resistance, and immune performance of laying hens, providing references for the rational application of vitamin C in laying hen production.
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  Advances in Transcriptomics Studies in Yak

  PNEG Wei, ZHAO Huangqing, FU Changqi, SHU Shi, ZHANG Jun, LEI Chuzhao, HUANG Yongzhen

  Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(1): 125-128. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.01.019

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  The development of transcriptomics provides a new means for studying biological functional genes. The research on yak transcriptomics mainly focuses on follicular development, low oxygen adaptation mechanisms, muscle development, and adipocyte differentiation. This article introduces and elaborates on the research status of non coding RNAs (lncRNA, miRNA, piRNA) in yak reproduction and muscle development, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for yak reproductive regulation and molecular breeding.