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23 October 2025, Volume 46 Issue 10
    

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  • Research Progress on Main Treatment Techniques of Antibiotics in Manure from Livestock Breeding
    YANG Xiaomeng, LIU Cao, REN Shaodong
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Antibiotics are widely used in the husbandry industry for disease prevention and treatment. However, due to limited absorption by animals, a substantial amount of antibiotics remains as residues in livestock manure. If the antibiotics are discharged into the environment or applied to land without complete elimination, they pose a serious threat to the environment. This article reviews the potential of anaerobic digestion, composting, electrochemical advanced oxidation processes, and constructed wetlands for removing antibiotics, along with current methods for improving treatment technologies. It identifies the existing problems in antibiotic treatment within the livestock sector and provides a reference for reducing antibiotic pollution in the livestock industry.
  • Research Status of Composting Humification Process and its Passivation of Heavy Metals
    XU Weiguo, ZHANG Haotian, ZHOU Ling
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 9-14. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.002
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    Livestock manure is rich in organic matter and nutrients, making it a valuable resource that should be effectively utilized. However, the presence of heavy metals in untreated livestock manure can lead to environmental problems, limiting the direct use of livestock manure. Composting is an effective method for recourse utilization, whereby the organic matter is converted into humus, effectively reducing the bioavailability of heavy metals during this process, and ultimately obtaining desired compost products. This paper focuses on the humification process of composting, elaborating on the theories of humus formation, the passivation mechanism of heavy metals in composting materials and the application of spectroscopic technology in the process of humification, providing a reference for the green utilization of livestock manure.
  • Whole-transcriptome Profiling of the Liver  in Min Pigs after Cold Stress
    ZHANG Dongjie, WANG Liang, MA Shouzheng, LIU Di
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 15-21. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.003
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    To explore the changes in liver transcriptome gene expression profile of Min pigs after cold stress, this study used whole-transcriptome sequencing technology to analyze the differentially expressed mRNAs, IncRNAs, and circRNAs in the liver tissue of Min pigs after cold stress. Six healthy female Min pigs, 180 days old, with similar weights (approximately 55 kg), were selected as experimental materials and randomly divided into two groups, with three pigs in each group. One group was designated as the control group and raised indoors at 18±3 ℃, while the other group was designated as the experimental group and raised outdoors in a semi-open shed, with an all-day temperature between -15 ℃ and -24 ℃. After 3 days, all six individuals were slaughtered simultaneously, and liver tissue was collected for whole-transcriptome sequencing analysis, including the identification and functional analysis of mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA. The results showed that after cold stress, the transcription levels of a large number of genes in the liver of Min pigs changed significantly, with 371 mRNAs, 82 lncRNAs, and 34 circRNAs significantly upregulated (P<0.05), and 633 mRNAs, 76 lncRNAs, and 33 circRNAs significantly downregulated (P<0.05). GO function annotation and Pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the differentially expressed mRNAs, target genes of lncRNAs, and source genes of circRNAs. The analysis revealed that under cold stress, significant changes occurred in hepatic lipid deposition, amino acid metabolism, the interaction pathways between the extracellular matrix and cell surface receptors, and oxidative phosphorylation processes. Thus, under cold stress, energy metabolism and signal transduction-related pathways in the liver tissue of Min pigs are activated, and the expression of mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA, which are important components of the gene transcriptome, changes, playing an important role in the process of Min pigs resisting cold stress.
  • Analysis of Lipid Metabolism and Related Gene Expression Patterns in Livers of Guizhou Local Pigs
    SHI Qingwu, ZHANG Caizai, WANG Jie, DING Yijie, ZHANG Yiyu, GOU Changyong, CHEN Dianqian, AO Zheng
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 22-27. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.004
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    To explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of meat quality traits in local pig breeds from Guizhou Province, this study compared the differences in average backfat thickness, liver lipid metabolism-related indicators, and the expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes between Guizhou local pigs (Jiangkou Luobo pigs, Nuogu pigs, Kele pigs, Baixi pigs, Guanling pigs, Congjiang Xiang pigs, Qiandong Spotted pigs and Qianbei Black pigs) and Yorkshire pigs. Among the local breeds, Jiangkou Luobo pigs exhibited the thickest backfat, while Congjiang Xiang pigs had the thinnest backfat. The average backfat thickness of all local pig breeds, except for Congjiang Xiang pig, was significantly higher than that of Yorkshire pigs (P<0.05). In terms of liver lipid metabolism, the levels of T-CHO, TG and LDL-C in the livers of local Guizhou pigs were higher than those of the Yorkshire pigs (P<0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly lower (P<0.05). Signifiant differences were observed in the liver lipid indicators of Jiangkou Luobo pigs, Congjiang Xiang pigs, and Qianbei Black pigs compared to Yorkshire pigs (P<0.05). Additionally, the transcriptional levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACACA), sterol regulator element binding protein 1(SREBP-1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in livers of local pigs were higher than those of Yorkshire pigs. Particularly, the mRNA expression levels of ACACA, SREBP-1 and FAS in the livers of Nuogu pigs, Baixi Pigs and Congjiang Xiang Pigs were significantly higher than those in Yorkshire pigs (P<0.05). Differences in the levels of lipid metabolism indexes and mRNA expression levels of lipid synthesis genes in the livers of local pig and Yorkshire pigs in Guizhou indicate that the livers of local pigs have a greater capacity for fatty acid synthesis and fat deposition than those of Yorkshire pigs. These findings not only enhance our understanding of lipid metabolism regulation in local pigs, but also establish a theoretical foundation for the genetic enhancement of local pigs breeds and the improvement of meat quality, which is crucial for the conservation and utilization of local pig germplasm resources.
  • Studies on Functional Genes and Molecular Markers Screening Related to Fat Deposition in Wagyu-Holstein Cross Cattle
    YIN Yanping, SONG Enliang, JIANG Fugui, HU Xin, YOU Wei, XIE Liangjia, HU Hongjie , ZHANG Demin, LIU Yuhan, CHENG Haijian
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 28-35. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.005
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    Intramuscular fat deposition plays an important role in the quality and flavor of beef. Exploring the molecular markers related to meat quality is of great theoretical significance for the genetic improvement of beef cattle. In this study, 333 Wagyu-Holstein cross cattle (hereinafter referred to as mixed cattle) from three populations in Shandong were selected as the research objects. SNP loci were detected by GBS Reduced-Representation Sequencing technology, and the 6-7 intercostal intramuscular fat ratings were collected. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted based on mixed linear model. Significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were annotated with published ATAC-seq data. Finally, MYT1L, DOCK5, UACA and SLC25A34 genes were identified as the key genes affecting the quality grade of mixed beef. rs382972390 and Chr8:111709102 were candidate markers related to meat quality grade, which could be used for marker-assisted selection of meat quality traits in mixed cattle populations.
  • Let-7b-5p Targets MSI2 and FOXC1 to Regulate the Proliferation and Differentiation of HFSCs in Cashmere Goat
    YAN Hailong, LI Yan, JIN Miaohan, GAO Ye, LI Jinxia, SUN Wenhui, KANG Jiaqi, WANG Xiaolong, CHEN Yulin
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 36-43. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.006
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    The objective of this study was to explore the mechanism of miRNA let-7b-5p on the proliferation and differentiation of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) in cashmere goat. HFSCs of cashmere goats were isolated and identified, let-7b-5p and NC mimics were transfected into cashmere goat HFSCs by LipofectamineR 3000. The effects of let-7b-5p on the cell proliferation were detected by CCK8 and EdU experiments. The proliferation genes (KI67, PCNA, AKT and mTOR) and the differentiation genes (K6, S100A3, Notch1 and β-catenin) were detected to identify their expression variation. A dual luciferase reporter vector was also constructed to validate the relationship between let-7b-5p and its predicted target genes. The results indicated that let-7b-5p significantly inhibited the proliferation ability of HFSCs (P<0.01), and the expression of key cell proliferation marker genes PCNA and KI67 as well as AKT signaling pathway-related genes in HFSCs treated with let-7b-5p significantly decreased (P<0.01). Let-7b-5p significantly activated the expression of hair follicle differentiation-related marker genes K6 and S100A3 and Notch1 pathway (P<0.01). When let-7b-5p was overexpressed, the luciferase reporter activity of MSI2 and FOXC1 genes significantly decreased. In summary, let-7b-5p directly targets FOXC1 and MSI2 genes, inhibiting the proliferation of Cashmere goat HFSCs via the AKT signaling pathway; meanwhile, let-7b-5p promotes the directed differentiation of HFSCs into hair follicle cells through the Notch signaling pathway.
  • Association Analysis between Body Size, Body Weight, and Cashmere Traits of Shaanbei White Cashmere Goats
    LUO Guoyang, BAO Xuxu, WANG Shengming, ZHANG Yaoshan, ZHU Haijing, ZHANG Gang, WANG Fenghong, ZHAI Junjun, LI Longping, LI Helin, DONG Shuwei, ZHANG Lei, QU Lei
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 44-53. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.007
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    This study, based on empirical data from 878 female Shaanbei White Cashmere goats across three age groups (1, 2, and 3 years old), employed Pearson correlation analysis, path analysis, and stepwise multiple regression to systematically investigate the direct and indirect effects of body weight and morphometric traits (body length, body height, cross height, chest circumference, and cannon bone circumference) on cashmere traits (fiber length, hair length, fiber fineness, and cashmere yield). Results revealed that cashmere yield was significantly positively correlated with chest circumference and body weight across all age groups. The prediction model for cashmere yield at 3 years of age showed the highest fitting accuracy:Y4 (cashmere yield)=9.747X1 (body weight)+14.302 X5(chest circumference)+10.881 X2 (body length)+72.439 X6 (cannon bone circumference)+12.552 X4 (cross height), with R2=0.563. Chest and cannon bone circumference contributed most significantly. Cashmere length and hair length exhibited more complex, age-dependent patterns: chest circumference and body height were key predictors at 1 year, while the importance of cannon bone circumference and body length increased at 2 and 3 years. In contrast, although fiber fineness could be statistically associated with certain morphometric traits (e.g., body length and cannon bone circumference), the overall regression fit remained low (R2≈0.13-0.25). This study conducted cross-age structural analysis on body traits and fiber characteristics, with path analysis revealing the interactive pathways and shifting weights of predictors at different developmental stages. This not only identified key morphological traits for effective prediction of cashmere yield but also offered age-specific breeding strategy references. It is recommended to focus on chest circumference and body length for early screening at the 1-year-old stage. At the 2-year-old stage, emphasize longitudinal skeletal development and limb circumferential coordination. And at the 3-year-old stage, conduct multi-dimensional comprehensive monitoring to accurately estimate cashmere performance.
  • Effects of Ganoderma Lucidum Powder on Production Performance, Egg Quality and Intestinal Health of Laying Hens at the Later Laying Stage
    CHEN Shuli, HU Zhangtao, ZUO Jianwu, LI Yinzhu, CHEN Zhen, HU Jianhong
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 54-60. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.008
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    The experiment aimed to study the effects of Ganoderma lucidum powder on the production performance, egg quality and intestinal health of laying hens at the later stage of laying. A total of 120 laying hens at 60 weeks of age, with similar body condition and no disease, were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups with 5 replicates (n=12) per group. The experimental lasted for 60 days. The control group was fed with basal diet, and the Ganoderma lucidum group was added 1.5% Ganoderma lucidum in the basal diet. The results showed that compared with the control group: (1) the Ganoderma lucidum group showed a significant increase in egg production rate and egg qualification rate (P<0.05), while the average daily feed intake, soft-shelled egg rate, shell-broken egg rate, and feed-to-egg ratio were significantly reduced (P<0.05); (2)  the content of crude protein, vitamin A, vitamin E, calcium, iron and zinc in the eggs from the Ganoderma group was significantly increased (P<0.05); (3) the levels of flavor-amino acids in the eggs of the Ganoderma group increased by 3.49% (P<0.05), the content of non-essential amino acids increased by 3.29% (P<0.05). Unsaturated fatty acid contents were significantly higher (P<0.05); (4) the height of duodenal villi of the hens in the Ganoderma lucidum group increased by 42.39% (P<0.05), while the depth of crypts decreased by 11.09% (P<0.05). The velvet to crypt ratio increased significantly (P<0.05). Additionally, the number of Proteobacteria phylum in the cecal microbiota of the hens in the Ganoderma group significantly increased (P<0.05), while the number of Actinobacterium phylum significantly decreased (P<0.05). The numbers of genus Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Bacteroidales_unclassified, Subdoligranulum were significantly higher (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of Ganoderma lucidum powder to diets can significantly enhance the production performance of laying hens, improve egg quality and nutritional composition, and regulate the intestinal morphology and beneficial bacterial communities in the cecum.
  • The Relationship between Body Size and Lactation Performance of Holstein Cattle in Tianjin Area
    CHEN Lili, ZHAO Kang, XIA Min, LU Na, MA Yi
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 61-66. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.009
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    To investigate the influence of Holstein body conformation on lactation performance, data were collected for Holstein cows in the Tianjin region within 30-180 days postpartum from their first calving, including body conformation measurements and Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) identifications.  Body capacity, rump, limbs and hooves, lactation system, and dairy-type functional trait scores were calculated, and an overall body conformation score was derived. Then the correlations between body conformation and lactation performance indicators were analysed and the significance analyses of lactation performance and lactation curve parameters across conformation grades (Good G (75-79), Good-Perfect GP (80-84), and Very Good VG (85-89)) were conducted. The results showed that the overall conformation score was positively correlated with milk yield, peak milk yield, 305-day milk yield and adult equivalent (P<0.01), while it was negatively correlated with milk fat percentage and peak day (P<0.01). Among the three conformation grades, the rankings for milk yield, somatic cell, peak milk, 305-day milk volume and adult equivalent were VG>GP>G. Specifically, the milk yield, peak milk, 305-day milk yield, and adult equivalent for GP and VG grades were significantly higher than those for the G grade (P<0.05), with no significant difference between GP and VG grades (P>0.05). For milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage and peak day, the rankings were G>GP>VG, where the milk fat percentage and protein percentages for the G grade were significantly higher than those for the GP and VG grades (P<0.05), with no significant difference between GP and VP grades (P>0.05). The conformation grade significantly affected the total monthly milk yield during the lactation period (parameter a), with GP and VG grades showing significantly higher parameter a values than the G grade, while there was no significant difference between GP and VG grades. The conformation grade did not significantly affect the incremental rate of milk yield (parameter b) or the decline rate of milk yield (parameter c). Cows of the G-grade exhibited the latest peak day in their lactation curve and the lowest peak milk yield, while cows of the GP grade had the earliest peak day and the highest peak milk yield; however, cows of the VG grade demonstrated better overall lactation performance. The results showed a positive correlation between the overall body conformation score and milk yield indicators, and a negative correlation with milk fat percentage and peak day. Cows in the VG grade exhibited the best lactation performance overall. Therefore, it is recommended that breeding programs in farms emphasize the importance of body conformation in dairy cows. 
  • Rumination Duration and Influencing Factors of Chinese Holstein Cows in a Pasture in Jiangsu Province
    ZHANG Na, ZHANG Wanting, TIAN Yu, GE Jiwen, WANG Yongkuan, TANG Yiguo, LIANG Yan, Huang Xixia, YANG Zhangping, MAO Yongjiang
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 67-72. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.010
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    To find out the factors influencing the rumination duration of dairy cows at a large-scale farm in Jiangsu Province, this study utilized the Afimilk three-generation smart neck collar system. A total of 206, 240 daily rumination behavior data and rumination time data across various shifts were collected from Holstein cows at the farm from July 14, 2023 to March 31, 2024. Using SPSS software, a multifactorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was employed to analyze the effects of factors such as parity, lactation month, calving season, measurement season, and daily milk yield level on the daily rumination time of lactating dairy cows. The results showed that parity, lactation month, calving season, measurement season, and daily milk yield level had a significant effect on the daily rumination time of Holstein cows (P<0.01). Specifically, daily rumination time increased with the increase of parity, with cows of parity 5 and above exhibiting the highest daily rumination time (411.89±1.67 min/d), while first-parity cows had the lowest (396.38±0.49 min/d). The highest daily rumination time was observed in the fourth lactation month (458.67±0.81 min/d), while the lowest was recorded in the ninth lactation month (300.04±1.24 min/d). Holstein cows calved in autumn had significantly higher daily rumination times than those calved in other seasons (412.49±0.42 min/d), with the lowest observed in spring calvers (357.41±1.1 min/d). Additionally, daily rumination time of Holstein cows in spring was significantly higher than in other seasons (460.77±0.58 min/d), and daily rumination times in both winter and spring were significantly higher than those in summer and autumn (P<0.01). When Holstein cows produce more than 50 kg of milk per day, their daily rumination time was significantly higher than at other milk yield levels (470.23±0.73 min/d). A highly significant positive correlation was found between daily milk yield and daily rumination time (P<0.01), with a correlation coefficient of 0.36. These results provide a reference for precise management of dairy herds based on rumination time in the farm setting.
  • Control of Cadmium Enrichment and Translocation in Soil-silage Corn System Using Modified Cattle Manure Biochar
    WANG Zhen, ZHANG Shufen, FU Long, DING Xinying, MA Shanshan, BAI Changsheng, ZHAO Jinbo, LI Wei
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 73-80. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.011
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    To study the impact of passivator on the enrichment and transport of heavy metal Cd in a neutral soil-silage maize system, a pot experiment was conducted using manganese dioxide-amino modified cattle manure biochar (MNB) as the passivator, with northeastern black soil and silage maize as the experimental materials. The objective was to clarify the inhibitory effects of different application rates of MNB on Cd enrichment and transportation within the soil-silage maize system, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for mitigating soil Cd pollution risks and the resource utilization of cow dung. The results showed that: (1) key soil indicators, such as pH, EC and OM, increased significantly with the application of MNB (P<0.05). An application rate of 2.0% demonstrated the most effective enhancement of soil nutrient indicators. Compared to the CK treatment, soil pH increased by 1.70%~3.67%, EC increased by 46.09%~56.44%, OM increased by 14.45%~18.77%, alkaline dissolved nitrogen increased by 1.51~3.18 times, available phosphorus increased by 0.47~1.73 times, and available potassium increased by 1.14~1.48 times. (2) As the Cd concentration in the soil increased, the effects of MNB application on the forms of Cd in the soil were consistently observed. The contents of weak acid-extractable, reducible and oxidisable Cd forms all decreased with increasing MNB application rates, while the content of residual state increased, with increases of 9.14%, 22.70% and 29.79%, respectively, all showing significant differences (P<0.05). (3) Comparing the Cd5B0 and Cd5B2 treatments, MNB application resulted in reductions of Cd content in various parts of silage maize (stem, leaves, and seeds) by 33.73%, 17.50% and 35.92%, respectively. The application of MNB significantly inhibited the enrichment and transport capacity of Cd in the soil-silage maize system. Additionally, there was a significant negative correlation (P<0.05) between soil nutrient indexes and Cd content in different parts of silage maize. Improving soil nutrient indicators can, to some extent, reduce the bioavailability of Cd in soil, thereby indirectly decreasing the migration capacity of Cd within the soil-silage maize system. The results of the study revealed that the application of MNB can enhance soil nutrient content and reduce the bioavailability of Cd in the soil, significantly inhibiting the enrichment and transport of Cd in the soil-silage maize system.
  • Prediction of Non-Coding sRNAs and Screening of Virulence-Related sRNAs of Salmonella pullorum
    HE Ting, RAN Xuhua, DING Yonghui, SUN Yuling, LI Tiansen
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 81-88. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.012
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    To predict the non-coding sRNAs present in Salmonella pullorum and to screen the sRNAs related to bacterial survival and pathogenicity, the experiment firstly sequenced Salmonella pullorum by using small RNA-seq (sRNA-seq) technology, selected representative sRNAs for bioinformatics analysis and their target genes prediction, and then validated the candidate sRNAs by RT-PCR. Finally, the candidate sRNA transcript levels were detected in the chicken macrophage HD11 infection model. The results showed 111 newly predicted sRNAs from sRNA-seq, among which 7 sRNAs with the highest Reads number were screened out. Secondary structure prediction showed that all 7 sRNAs exhibited typical stem-loop structures. KEGG and GO enrichment analysis of target genes suggested that the candidate sRNAs were involved in several physiological processes, such as transmembrane transport and bacterial metabolism. RT-PCR results showed that five of the candidate sRNAs were detected at the transcriptional level. Additionally, results from the cellular infection model indicated that sRNA12 is most likely involved in the bacterial infection and pathogenic process. This study identified new sRNAs in Salmonella pullorum and highlights those potentially involved in bacterial survival and pathogenicity, providing a scientific basis for an in-depth investigation into the pathogenic mechanism and potential inhibitory targets of Salmonella pullorum.
  • Investigation and Analysis on the Use of Antibiotics in Broiler Breeding in Jiangsu Province
    ZHOU Qian, TANG Xiujun, LU Junxian, ZHANG Jing, FAN Yanfeng, MA Lina, CHEN Dawei, GAO Yushi
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 89-93. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.013
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    To understand the usage of antibacterial drugs and antibiotic-substitute products in broiler chicken breeding in Jiangsu province, a filed survey was conducted at 148 broiler chicken farms in major broiler producing areas. The survey collected data on the basic information of the farms, quality management practices, occurrences and prevention of animal diseases, the use of alternative products and antimicrobial drugs, and industry demands. The results indicated that broiler chicken production in Jiangsu Province primarily follows a “company+base+cooperative+farmer” business model. Yellow-feathered broilers are mainly raised using floor-rearing systems, while white-feathered broilers are typically raised in cages. The adoption rate of alternative products exceeds 90%. Commonly used antibacterial drugs include amoxicillin, doxycycline, tylosin, tiamulin, florfenicol, and enrofloxacin. Herbal additives are the preferred alternative products among farm operators. They believe that the quality production of broilers should be assessed comprehensively in terms of breeding stock quality, environmental control, and product testing. Overall, the use of antibacterial drugs in Jiangsu's broiler chicken farming is largely regulated. The implementation of alternative products and reduction technologies for antibacterial drugs has played a significant role in decreasing veterinary drug usage, thereby ensuring the healthy and sustainable development of the broiler chicken industry in Jiangsu Province.
  • Investigation of Reovirus and Parvovirus Infection in Duck Farms in Some Areas of Shandong Province
    WANG Dongping, LIU Zhenlin, HAN Qinghai, CHANG Haixia, HAN Shuaiqi, LI Qian, WU Lei, LIU Jie, MIAO Miao, CUI Xuezhi
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 94-98. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.014
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    To understand the prevalence of duck reovirus and parvovirus in Shandong Province, a total of 2,159 serum samples, 960 cloacal swabs, and 750 terminated embryos samples were randomly selected from 20 large-scale duck breeding farms across Weifang, Tai'an, Liaocheng, Dongying, and Rushan, comprising 2 ancestral breeding farms and 18 parental farms,during  January 2022 and December 2024. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) was employed to detect antibodies against duck reovirus and duck parvovirus in serum samples, while fluorescent PCR was used to for the detection of duck reovirus and duck parvovirus in cloacal swabs and termination embryo. The results showed that the natural infection rate of reovirus in the breeding duck population of Shandong Province was relatively high. Significant differences were observed in the positive rates of antibodies among parental breeding ducks across different sampling periods (P<0.001 ). The natural infection rate of duck parvovirus was low. Both fluorescence PCR tests of cloacal cotton swabs and termination embryo for duck reovirus and parvovirus returned negative results. Overall, the grandparent and parent duck populations in Shandong exhibited a widespread covert infection status with duck reovirus, although the likelihood of vertical transmission appeared relatively low, with horizontal transmission being the predominant route. It is recommended that Shandong implement enhanced management and biosafety measures for breeding ducks and continue epidemiological monitoring of duck reovirus to establish a foundation for effective disease prevention and control.
  • Research on Spatio-temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Carbon Emissions from Animal Husbandry under the Perspective of Dietary Structure——Take Shandong Province
    XU Shaocheng, WU Chen, DU Xiangyu, ZHANG Yi
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 99-107. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.015
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    Based on the statistical data from 2003 to 2022, this paper takes Shandong Province as the research object to calculate the carbon emissions of beef, mutton, pork and poultry meat. It uses the kernel density curve and other methods to analyze their spatio-temporal characteristics and employs the LMDI model to analyze the influencing factors of carbon emissions. The aim is to identify the key factors affecting the carbon emissions of the livestock industry and accordingly put forward practical policy suggestions to promote the low-carbon and sustainable development of the livestock industry in Shandong Province. The research results show that: for the temporal characteristics, the total carbon emissions of the livestock industry in Shandong Province from 2003 to 2022 have shown a fluctuating upward trend. Among them, the total carbon emissions of beef have shown a fluctuating downward trend, those of pork have fluctuated upward, those of mutton have shown a fluctuating decrease but with a relatively small overall change, and those of poultry meat have shown a fluctuating growth trend. In terms of spatial distribution, compared with 2003, the carbon emissions of the livestock industry in Liaocheng City, Jining City, Tai'an City, Jinan City and Qingdao City have decreased in range in 2022, while those in Heze City, Dezhou City, Binzhou City, Dongying City, Linyi City and Yantai City have increased in range. The carbon emissions of the livestock industry in Zaozhuang City, Zibo City, Weifang City, Rizhao City and Weihai City have remained unchanged in range. The carbon emissions of beef, pork, mutton and poultry meat show different spatial distribution characteristics. From the decomposition results of the influencing factors, the production efficiency of the livestock industry and the proportion of the value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery have obvious inhibitory effects on the carbon emissions of the livestock industry; the impact of the proportion of the value of the livestock industry has changed from positive to negative; the per capita GDP and population size have significantly promoted the carbon emissions of the livestock industry. Based on this, the following policy suggestions are put forward: optimize the feed structure and improve the feed utilization efficiency; promote the integration of planting and breeding and strengthen carbon emission reduction management; rationally adjust the meat consumption structure and advocate a scientific dietary structure.
  • Identifying the Optimal Temperature Status in Heat Preservation Area for Lactating Piglets Based on Improved YOLO v8
    FU Mingming, ZHENG Ping, HOU Yushuo, CAO Yue, LI Shuchong, LI Xuan
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 108-113. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.016
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    Traditional methods for regulating the appropriate temperature during piglets' growth by monitoring the temperature in heating zones often face challenges, such as determining the optimal placement of temperature sensors and the issue of heating when no piglets are present. These methods fail to meet the growth temperature needs of piglets and result in unnecessary energy consumption. This study addresses these issues by defining five typical aggregation and dispersion states of suckling piglet groups in the heating zone, based on variations in environmental temperature. The study employs an improved YOLO v8 detection algorithm, utilizing optimized VanillaNet architecture, the Sim AM attention mechanism, and the Lion optimizer. The goal is to use machine vision to assess the optimal temperature conditions in the piglet heating zone and enable intelligent regulation of the heating system. The results show that the improved YOLO v8 maintains high accuracy, with a memory usage of 0.7MB and a recognition time of 1.495 ms/f, outperforming both YOLO v5 and the original YOLO v8 in terms of model size and recognition time. In complex farm environments, the average state recognition rate exceeds 97%, demonstrating high detection confidence. This research provides a critical basis for adjusting heating devices in piglet thermal systems which offer an optimal thermal environment for the piglets while effectively reducing energy consumption.
  • Design of Ventilation System for Enclosed Pig Houses and Analysis of Its Application Effects
    YAN Hongjun, LIN Zhihai
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 114-119. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.017
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    As a fundamental component of closed pig housing, the ventilation system plays a crucial role in controlling indoor air quality, temperature, humidity, and the concentration of harmful gases. This paper analyzes the environmental characteristics of closed pig houses and elaborates on the significance of reasonable ventilation design for promoting pig health, growth, and enhancing production efficiency. It introduces methods for determining ventilation volume and air exchange rate, along with key considerations for ventilation system design. Additionally, by examining three different types of pig houses, the study evaluates the application effects of ventilation design in improving air quality and regulating temperature and humidity. The findings provide a reference for the design and implementation of ventilation systems in closed pig housing.
  • Status Quo and Development Strategies of Tibetan Yellow Cattle Genetic Resources
    Basanjuza
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 120-124. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.018
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    Tibet stands out as a unique region among the five major pastoral areas in China, characterized by its extremely high altitude, complex climate, and vast plateau grasslands, which collectively create a distinctive and favorable environment for excellent livestock resources, especially the genetic resources of the local cattle breed. This paper assesses and analyzes the genetic resources of Tibetan cattle from aspects such as population, conservation methods, and current utilization status. Additionally, a scientific, feasible, and sustainable development approach is proposed to address the existing challenges in the conservation of Tibetan yellow cattle genetic resources. 
  • Deep Integration of Party Building and Animal Science Development under the Vision of National Strength——The Case of Northwest A&F University
    CAO Junhui, AN Xiang
    Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2025, 46(10): 125-128. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.10.019
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    When Party building thrives, undertakings flourish; when Party building is strong, development is robust. The century-long history of the Communist Party of China demonstrates that the Party's strength stems from its organization, which serves as the foundation for enduring stability. Promoting high-quality development through high-quality Party building is a key directive from the Central Committee regarding the enhancement of Party work in higher education institutions. It is an essential path for building universities with Chinese socialist characteristics and a crucial lever for accelerating the development of world-class disciplines. This study takes the integrated and innovative practice of Party building and disciplinary development in the animal science program at Northwest A&F University as an example. It explores how a “Big Party Building” framework can establish the structural pillars for disciplinary reform and development, thereby generating new momentum and pathways to boost the speed and efficiency of institutional advancement.
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
Monthly ,Founded in 1980
Superintendent: Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
Sponsored by: Northwest A&F University
Chief Editor: CHEN Yulin
website: jcst.magtech.com.cn
ISSN 1673-1182
CN 61-1433/S
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