Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology

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Progress on Antibiotic Resistance Genes Contamination in Livestock and Poultry Farming Environments

WANG Danping, LI Shangmin, ZHAO Huaxuan, JIANG Yixiu, WANG Hongzhi, JING Lizhen

Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2023, 44(8): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2023.08.001

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Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) as a novel environmental pollutant is a potential threat to public health. The main cause of ARGs pollution in livestock and poultry breeding environment is long-term use of antibiotics, which will continuously spread to the surrounding environment. This review summarizes the generation of ARGs and the differences of ARGs pollution in different animal breeds, different regions and different climate conditions. It compares the changes of ARGs in the process of manure wastewater treatment, and elaborates the transmission mechanism of ARGs and its transmission through manures. Finally, combining with the key link of “Production-Treatment- Utilization” of livestock and poultry manure, it put forward some suggestions on reducing the generation and transmission of ARGs from livestock and poultry farming to the environment.

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Application and Practice of Systematic Thinking in Domestic Animal Ecology

ZHANG Liyang, LIAN Hongxia, FU Tong, SU Chuanyou, SUN Yu, WANG Linfeng, ZHANG Wei, GAO Tengyun

Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2023, 44(2): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2023.02.001

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From the perspective of systematic theory, ecological consciousness is a complex system that goes deep into all levels of human society and contains many elements and structures. Domestic Animal Ecology, a branch of ecology applied to agriculture, is an emerging discipline, which mainly explore the relationship between livestock and environment. Its establishment and development process is based on the principles and methods of ecology and system theory. From the perspective of development requirements, the theoretical system, methodology and experimental means of domestic animal ecology still need to be further studied. Effective actions need to be taken for the development of teaching and scientific research at different levels of domestic animal ecology. Based on the perspective of systematic theory, this paper analyzes the embodiment of the systematic thinking characteristics in the theory of domestic animal ecology, the application and practice of systematic thinking method in domestic animal ecology teaching and research, and hot issues of domestic animal ecology. This paper is of great significance to the practice of systematic thinking and the development of domestic animal ecology teaching and scientific research.

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Research Progress on the Effects of Antibiotics and Heavy Metals on Livestock Wastes Anaerobic Digestion Performance

LU Yuanyuan, QI Luqing, LIU Xuna, YANG Ping, PANG Lina

Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2023, 44(2): 6-13. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2023.02.002

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Livestock wastes is an important reservoir for emerging pollutants, i.e., antibiotics, heavy metals, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an important means of resource utilization of livestock manure. However, antibiotics and heavy metals affect not only the AD performance of livestock wastes, but also ARGs' behavior. The influence of antibiotics and heavy metals (concentration, types, and forms) on AD process is comprehensively reviewed in this paper, from perspectives of biogas production, microbial community, and ARGs' behavior. It is suggested that the trend of anaerobic digestion of ARGs under multifactor stress and the potential risk of degradation of intermediate products by coexisting pollutants should be comprehensively considered in future studies. It is expected to provide theoretical reference for the safety and effectiveness of antibiotics and heavy metals as feed additives.

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Odor Emission Pattern and Influencing Factors in Livestock and Poultry Farms

RONG Jinsheng, FENG Kunxian, WANG Chao, WANG Yan

Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2023, 44(1): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2023.01.001

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With the development of breeding industry, the odor emission of largescale breeding farms has attracted wider attention. This article summarizes the regulation of odor emission in the process of livestock and poultry breeding and the treatment and utilization of breeding wastes, analyzes the influencing factors of odor emission in livestock and poultry farms, and puts forward suggestions for the development of the breeding industry in the future. It provides a theoretical basis for reducing gas emissions.

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A Review:Effects of Light on Seasonal Reproduction in Animals

LIU Yihui, ZHOU Yuqiao, ZHOU Zhi, ZHANG Peihua

Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2023, 44(1): 11-17. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2023.01.002

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The photoperiod change is the best clue to reflect the transition between seasons. The biological clock system in the body responds to light signals, mediates the hypothalamicpituitarygonad axis (reproductive axis), and regulates the seasonal reproductive activities of animals. Melatonin (MLT) plays a central role in regulating the seasonal reproduction of mammals, it affects the activity of gonadotropin releasing hormone neurons by regulating related neurotransmitters, and then acts on the reproduction axis to regulate the seasonal reproduction of animals. The view that MLT mediates light to regulate the reproductive activities of poultry is controversial; with the thorough research, it is determined that gonadotropin can mediate MLT to affect the seasonal reproductive activities of poultry, and whether other pathways are regulated by MLT needs further research to determine. This article sorts out the reproduction pathways of different types of vertebrates, in order to understand the seasonal reproduction mechanism of mammals or birds and summarize the application status of artificial lighting in livestock and poultry production, so as to provide reference for the scientific application of light in livestock and poultry production.

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Study on the Change Regularity and Correlation of Somatic Cell#br# Count and Milk Composition in Xinong Saanen Dairy Goat Milk

ZANG Saige, PANG Guoliang , LIU Ying , YUE Ziting , GAO Wenchang, LI Cong , LUO Jun

Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2022, 43(11): 12-18. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2022.11.003

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This experiment aims to explore the effects of lactation stage and parity on the somatic cell count (SCC) and milk composition of Xinong Saanen dairy goat milk, and the correlation analysis of somatic cell score (SCS) and milk composition. In this experiment, a total of 120 Xinong Saanen dairy goats were selected, and milk samples were collected once a week in the early lactation period, and then every four weeks, somatic cell count in milk and the related indexes of milk composition were determined by on-line milk composition analyzer. The results showed that:(1) There were no significant changes in SCC in the milk of Xinong Saanen dairy goats at different stages of lactation (P>0.05), and there were extremely significant changes in milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage, lactose percentage and total solid content (P<0.01), there was a significant change in urea nitrogen (P<0.05), and there was significant correlation between SCS and milk components in different stages of lactation (P<0.01,P<0.05).(2) SCC in Xinong Saanen goat milk with different parity had significant changes (P<0.05), milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage, lactose percentage and total solids percentage had extremely significant changes (P<0.01), urea nitrogen had no significant changes (P>0.05), and SCS and milk composition had significant correlation among different parity (P<0.01,P<0.05).(3) With the increase of SCC, there was a very significant negative correlation between SCS and daily milk yield and lactose percentage (P<0.01). In summary, In summary, through the study of the change regularity and correlation between the somatic cell count and milk components in Xinong Saanen dairy goat milk, it was found that the milk quality of Xinong Saanen dairy goats was the best at the second and third litters 〖JP〗and early lactation, and goat milk SCS The correlation with milk production traits will help speed up the improvement of dairy goat populations and improve the scientific management of sheep farms.

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Research Progress on Biotransformation of Livestock Manure by Black Soldier Fly

NIU Shihua , LIAO Xindi, XING Sicheng

Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2022, 43(11): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2022.11.001

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Black soldier fly is a kind of saprophytic insects of the family tabanidae, its larvae can effectively treat livestock and poultry feces, and biotransformation can produce highquality animal protein feed, organic fertilizer, biofuels and other valueadded products. However, the physical, chemical and biological effects of black soldier fly larvae on livestock and poultry excrement affect the application and promotion of this technology to a certain extent. In this paper, the biotransformation effect of the black soldier fly on the feces of livestock and poultry is summarized from three aspects: the biotransformation efficiency of it on the feces of livestock and poultry; the influence of it on the harmful substances in the feces of livestock and poultry; and the nature and utilization of its feces after treatment.It is aimed to further promote the resource utilization process of the Black Soldier Fly in livestock and poultry excrement management.

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Research Progress on Compound Pollution of Agricultural Soil#br# Microplastics, Antibiotics and Heavy Metals

Journal Of Domestic Animal Ecology. 2022, 43(7): 1-5.

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