Based on ecogeographical characteristics in the production areas, the local sheep and goat species in Henan Province was divided into different ecological types.Sheep of plain type. and hilly type and goat of plain type and hilly type. The germplasm characteristics of them were compared. The structural and functional characteristics of the sheep and goat production system in central plains was discussed and the evolutionary development process was explained. The position of sheep and goat production system in Central Plains was identified and issues needed exploring were pointed out.

The aging reduced the quality of oocytes,which resulted in increasing proportion of aneuploidy embryo and abortion. The aging oocyte also had a serious effect on next generations. In order to optimize the system of in vitro oocytes maturation and fertilization, it is important to study the mechanism of oocyte aging, and to explore the effective method to retard this process. Thereby, this paper made a brief review of the mechanisms of aging oocyte and the factors affecting aging. The effective measures of delaying and preventing the aging oocyte were also discussed.

To reveal the SNP of PPARα gene exon7 and evaluate its relationship with carcass traits and meat traits in cattle, a total of 717 individuals from six breeds (QC, NY, JX, LX, XN and Angus) were genotyped by PCRSSCP and DNA sequencing in PPARα gene exon7 and analyzed its correlation of the SNP with some carcass traits and meat traits in 108 Qinchuan cattle. C→T mutation was detected at 184bp in PPARα gene exon7. Allele frequencies of PPARαE/F in the six breeds were 0.225/0.775,0.151/0.849, 0.125/0.875, 0.123/0.877, 0.070/0.930 and 0.157/0.783 for NY, QC, JX, Angus, LX and XN, respectively. Except for NY breed in moderate polymorphisms (PIC=0.288), other five breeds were in low genetic diversity in the locus(PIC<0.25). Correlation analysis showed that the mutation had significantly related to back fat thickness and carcass length in QC breed. Animals with the genotype FF had significantly higher traits than these with genotypes EE and EF in back fat thickness trait (P<0.05), and animals with the genotype FF had much higher than those with genotype EE (P<0.05) in carcass length trait. In conclusion, this locus is likely to be a major QTN or tightly linked that affect production traits, it can be a candidate molecular marker for the beef cattle breeding.

BMPRIB, BMP15 and GDF9 were studied as candidate genes,which control the fecundity of sheep and goat PCRRFLP was applied to analyze the relationship between the gene and genotype polymorphisms of BMPRIB, BMP15 and GDF9 in Mindong Goat and their prolific trait. The results showed that there was no mutation in BMPRIB gene of Mindong Goat as that of Booroola Merino. The FecXI, FecXH , FecXB of BMP15 and FecGH of GDF9 were not found. Then it was ruled out the possibility that the reproduction fecundity of Mindong Goat were affected by the mutations of BMPRIB, BMP15 and GDF9 gene. As the whole gene sequence of the three genes has not been revealed in Mindong Goat, it's hard to determine whether these genes affect the fecundity of Mindong Goat.

To optimize the technical parameters of porcine sperm mediated gene transfer, the realtime PCR, fluorescence microscope imaging and regular semen quality analysis were applied to detect the influence of DNA transfect reagent, incubation temperature and DNA form on the transfection of porcine sperm with foreign DNA. The result revealed that PEI and TransFast significantly improved the transfection of porcine sperm with DNA, and PEI was better than TransFast, but NanoFect blocked the transfection completely. With the increase of incubation temperature, the viability, motility, and the amount of binding DNA of sperm decreased significantly, while the transfection efficiency and amount of internalized DNA were not affected. The difference of viability, motility, and amount of internalized DNA was not significant between circular and linear DNA incubated sperm, whereas the amount of binding DNA of sperm incubated with linear DNA was extremely higher than that of circular DNA. It could be concluded that the form of DNA had no significant influence on the transfection of porcine sperm, PEI and TransFast improved the transfection of porcine sperm significantly, and the best incubation temperature for porcine sperm is 17 ℃. This study provided basic data for further porcine transgenesis research with sperm mediated gene transfer.

In this study，based on linear model Y=Xb+Za+e，with the restriction factor of more than ten daughters，BLUP was used to estimate the breeding value of heat resistance with mark S441 in Holstein bulls in Hunan province.The results showed that the average breeding value of Holstein bulls with mark S441 was higher than the breeding value of those without this mark. Then mark S441 could be used in breeding selection and production as a molecule marker resisting heat stress. BLUP value of top individuals was collected and analyzed from the year of 2007 to 2011 by CNDHI software．And genetic trend was given according to yearly average．The results may be helpful to breeding selection and heredity estimation．

The indexes such as litter size, parity, litter weight at birth, 21 day litter weight of 84 Duroc sows of new American variety were measured. The correlation and regression analysis of performances and analysis of variance were conducted according to litter size to explore the effect of parity on reproductive performance. The results showed that the difference of litter size , litter weight at birth as well as 21day litter weight among groups was extremely significant(P<0.01), and the difference of litter weight at birth when the number of live piglet was 7, 8 and 9 was insignificant, while other groups' were significantly different or extremely different. The differences of 21d litter weight when the number of live piglet was 7,8,9,10,13 were all insignificant. The correlation analysis was carried out on litter size, parity, litter weight at birth and 21d litter weight. It was shown that there was no correlation between parity and 21d litter weight indexes, while other groups' indexes all reached the extreme level(P<0.01). The comprehensive analysis revealed that the optimized economic benefits can be achieved when the number of live piglet ranged from 10 to 12.

To evaluate the genetic polymorphisms of Minxinan black rabbit, 60 Minxinan black rabbits were genotyped with 16 microsatellite markers. A total of 75 alleles were detected,and the number of the alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 7, with a mean number of 4.688 and average effective alleles of 3.443. The observed and expected heterozygosities were from 0.200 to 1.00 and 0.410 to 0.811, respectively. The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.764 and 0.685, respectively.  The polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.359 to 0.776, and the mean polymorphism information content of the 16 microsatellite loci was 0.629. Thirteen of the 16 microsatellite loci detected in Minxinan black rabbits were highly polymorphic.The mean fixation index of the 16 microsatellite loci was 0.115, which indicated that the degree of heterozygote defect at these loci was low and deviations from HardyWeinberg equilibrium were not significant.

Meat quality and muscle fiber were tested among Luhua, Beifang Huang and Ma chicken of 110 days old raised under the same conditions,and the relationship between muscle fiber and meat quality were analyzed. The results showed that : (1) the meat color muscle incarnadine of the chicken were all normal, the shear force of Ma was significant higher than that of Luhua and Beifang Huang by 9.18%, 8.74 % (P<0.05), there was no significant difference among pH and drop water loss. (2) the muscle fiber diameters of Beifang Huang was significant lower than that of Luhua and Ma by 11.44%、13.71%（P<0.05）. The density of muscle fiber in Beifang Huang was significant higher than Luhua and Ma by15.49%、20.12%（P<0.05）.(3)There was negative correlation between the diameter and pH,and there was positive correlation between the diameter and shearforce. There was negative correlation between the diameter of Luhua, Beifang Huang and meat color. There was positive correlation between muscle fiber density and pH,and negative correlation between muscle fiber density and shearforce. There was positive correlation between the density of Beifang Huang,Ma and meat color,and negative correlation between the density of Luhua and meat color.

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of two storage methods under room temperature and low temperature on egg quality in summer. 540 eggs were randomly divided into nine group, one group was used to measure egg quality on the first day, three groups were placed in the room with temperature 28.31℃ and relative humidity 68.13%, and five groups were stored at 4~8 ℃. Egg quality was measured on the day 7,14,21,42,56 respectively. The results showed that egg quality stored at room temperature declined gradually along with preservation time, the average egg weight reduced by 5.30% (P<0.05) and the shell thickness thinned (P<0.05) after 21 days. Haugh unit descended quickly and the values of Haugh unit of fresh eggs was 59.18% higher than that of eggs stored for 21 days (P<0.05). The percentage of yolk became bigger along with preservation time and the value of percentage of yolk of fresh eggs was 15.58% lower than that of eggs stored for 21 days (P<0.05). The egg quality of eggs stored at low temperature for 21 days was better and the Haugh unit reduced by 6.78% than fresh eggs (P<0.05). The values of average egg weight and Haugh unit of eggs stored for 56d were 5.63% and 15.07% lower than that of fresh eggs (P<0.05), respectively, and the percentage of yolk increased 5.21% (P<0.05). In conclusion, the suitable preservation time of eggs under room temperature and low temperature were 21 days and 56 days in the experiment, respectively.

This paper studied the changes of oat protective enzymes activities under different concentrations of polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG-6000) solutions stress in 1~5 days. The results showed that activities of SOD, POD and CAT were increased first and than decreased with stress elongation. The activities of three enzymes under low stress levels increased more obviously than high stress levels. The protective enzyme system of oat under drought stress could adjust themselves to avoid the harms of drought stress.

Minmu-6 is a new variety of pennisetum produced through radiation breeding of hybrid F1 and double screening in the field, which has the characteristics of high yield (the maximum 348400kg/hm2), superior quality( CP 15.30%) and low ratio of stem and leaf(0.56). In Fujian province, it can be reproduced with eustipes from March to September, with a 50cm×50cm or 40cm×60cm spacing. In order to gain high yield, manure should be added after each mowing. Minmu6 is less likely to be damaged by diseases and insects with an exception of accidental aphis. Its fresh grass can be either fed to cattle and sheep or stored in addition to feeding the pig by pulping with the diet, and the additional grass after suncuring can be used to plant Agaricus bisporus instead of straws.

The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of probiotics product and antibiotics on growth performance and immune function in broilers. One hundred and eighty one day old broilers were randomly divided into four groups with  three replicates in each group.Daily gain weight, feed conversion ratio, the index of immune organs, the hemagglutination inhibition antibody titer of Newcastle Disease in the serum, serum IgG concentrations and sIgA Level of intestinal contents were measured. The results showed that the antibacterial probiotics group T could increase daily gain weight (P<0.05) and decrease feed conversion ratio,Comparing with other three groups. The antibacterial probiotics group T could significantly improve the 40 day old ND antibody titers and the serum levels of IgG, and it was a significant difference compared to the control group D and the antibiotic group K (P<0.05). Adding antibacterial probiotics in longterm can improve growth and strengthen immune function of broilers.

The purpose of this study was to test the effects of three chronic stress factors on broilers production performance and meat quality. The three chronic stress factors included social isolation group(SIG), highdensity group (HDG),interference group(IG) and cage free group (control group) . The experimental results indicated that the stress factor had effects on broilers' body weight. Body weight of each group were not significantly different in 6 week age.And the body weight from IG and cage free  group were significantly higher than that of SIG and HDG in 7 week age;the body weight from IG and cage free group were significantly higher than that of HDG in 8 week age, and the body weight from cage free group were significantly higher than other three groups in 9 week age and IG were significantly higher than HDG at the same time. Stress factors had no effects on broilers shank girth, but had some effects on broilers shank length. The shank length were not significantly different between each group in 6,7 and 8 week age, but the shank length from cage free group is significantly higher than other groups. Stress factors had some effects on broilers meat quality. The pH value,shear force,crude protein and meat color were not significantly different between each group; but the drip loss from SIG was significantly higher than that of other groups; and the crude protein from cage free group were significantly lower than that of other groups.

A strain of bacillus capable of acidproducing, named CP1, was isolated from cow dung using selective cultures. Based on the sequencing of 16S rDNA and Biolog test, the isolate GF1 was preliminarily identified as a strain of Bacillus Cereus. The metabolites of the strain of GF1 were analyzed by the sensitive HPLC, and studies showed that it produced lactic acid, acetic acid, propionate, butyrate and so on. The strain of GF1 was cultured at 37 ℃，220 rpm for 48 h, with the treatment of 85 ℃ water bath heating for 15 min to inactivate the cells that did not form spores, the final bacillus rate of the GF1 was 90% or more. The experiments of heat, acid and bile saltresistant treatment were carried, and the strain of GF1 showed well performance. It demonstrated that the strain of GF1 was innoxious to mice with the safty tests, the survival rate was 100%. GF1, an acid producing bacillus strain, which is a good bacteria can survive in the pellet feed , and can be used instead of lactobacillus in the pellet feed.

The astragalus, orange peel, garlic and white atractylodes rhizome were used to be made into compound preparation which was added into the daily diet of broilers by 1%. The results showed that at each raising stage the difference of BWG of experimental group was significant than that of the control (P<0.05), the Differences of decrease of F/G were all significant (P<0.05). In the whole experimental period the mortality of experimental group decreased by 71.43% than the control. The profit benefit of the experimental group increased by 46.67% than the control, and the European benefit index by 45.45%. It showed that the Chinese herb preparation can improve the productive performance of broilers, enhance the disease resistance effect and shows obvious economic benefit.

From the beginning of July to the end of August in the hot summer, house temperatures were observed and analyzed in two different types of pig fattening houses in experimental pig farm of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences at Luhe District of Nanjing City. Comparative analysis of the data showed that the indoor average daily temperature of new removable fattening pig house of fermentation bed fluctuated greatly, while the indoor average daily temperature of ordinary fattening pig house fluctuated little, and at noon of hot summer, the indoor average daily temperature of new removable fattening pig house was higher than that of ordinary fattening pig house, while in the morning and at night, the indoor average daily temperature was lower than that of ordinary fattening pig house.

The study on animal genetic and breeding methods helps improve the effect of animal breeding. This paper systimatically explained the research dynamic for animal quantitative genetics and animal breeding, analysed the application of modern biological technology in animal breeding, and discussed the trend of its development, aiming at providing a theoretical basis and reference for animal husbandry production.

Pig houses are important sources for ammonia (NH₃) emissions. For decades, investigations were carried out in determining the influencing factors and to point out opportunities of mitigation. The main factors influencing NH₃ production are the floor type, the manure removal system, the climatic conditions inside the building, the diet composition and the feed efficiency of animals. Thus, the aims of this article are to describe the NH₃ production process occurring in livestock manure and to specify the factors that impact on emissions from pig buildings, with focus on the effects of the housing and climate conditions, the animals, the diets and the manure removal strategies.

Anaerobic digestion is an effective way of treating animal manure for producing biogas. The mechanism of microorganism producing biogas is introduced.Different pretreatment methods of manure are discussed,such as thermal,chemical, thermochemical,mechanical and ultrasonic pretreatment. Anaerobic digestion technologies are discussed,such as one phase and two phase anaerobic digestion,one step and serial digestion.At last,the factors in process of fermenting manure are analysed.

Using forage allelopathic to control the weeds in fields is a hot topic in research, which is to control the weeds by secreting active material. It can be realized through residue covering soil or accompanying plant growth. And currently there are many identified allelopathic materials which can be used to synthesize new herbicides to achieve both the goal of biological controlling and environmental protection. The article reviewed the hot topics of current research as well as the existing problems, and put forward the perspective forage allelopathic.

The study of canine affective behavior and psychological orientation can help us gain deeper understanding of dogs, lives, the nature and social ethics.This paper discussed into canine affective behavior such as obedience behavior, friendliness, bravery, loyalty bravery, attachment and indifferent behavior. It also analysed the psychological characteristics and explored the principles and factors which affect the orientation of these behaviors. This paper further studied the environment which dogs and human beings live together and the interrelationship between dog's emotional attachment and social behavior.

In this paper, some aspects on how to improve Biometrics teaching effects, such as teachers' quality training, teaching methods, and teaching means as well as examination measures are discussed.

The subject Animal Nutrition has such characteristics as rapid development, good application, and interdisciplinary overlapping. This paper suggests a teaching model combining question-answer teaching, elicitation teaching and other teaching methods. Moreover, some ideas about teaching reform on the course of animal nutrition were also put forward.

P- glycoprotein( P-pg) is the product of ABCB1 gene, resides in many tissues. It expels substrate drugs effectively by limiting them ingress in central nervous system, decreasing oral absorption, and speeding excreting. The paper reviewed effects of P-gp to drug distribution, intestinal tract drug absorption, drug excretion of bile and kidney, Dirofilaria immitis preventive medication, introduced clinical evaluation of ABCB1 gene animals, interaction of P-gp and drugs, and relationship of P-gp and blood brain barrier, which provides reference for clinical application of veterinary drugs.

Based on the comprehensive analysis of status quo of China’s beef cattle breeding industry, the article suggests to enhance the construction of fine breed reproduction system of beef cattle, increase the governmental investment and macro-control, intensify the scitech innovation and the extension of advanced technology as well as enhance fostering talents and expanding the team of extension workers so as to solve the prominent problems such as the shortage of find breed, unhealthy fine breeding system, unmatched breeding methods to the find breed, weak linkages of beef cattle basic reproduction.

The complete gene of human C1INH by gene cloning techniques was obtained and C1INH was chosen as templates to obtain the fragment of hC1INH which was named as C1,then cloning the fragment C1 into pET32a(+) vector,and screening positive cloning.Transform the recombinant plasmid into E.coli BL21(DE3) and induce it with IPTG for expressing;split the recombinant strain culture solution and purify the fusion protein and immunize the New Zealand rabbits so as to prepare the antisera. SDSPAGE analysis showed that pET32a-C1 was expressed in the form of inclusion bodies in E.coli BL21(DE3);The titer of the rabbit antibody which prepared by pET32a-C1 was 1:6400;Western-blot analysis showed that the antisera could bind to C1INH protein of prokaryotic expression specifically,which laid a foundation for further study on the detection of C1INH expression in the eukaryotic syetem and its function, as well as for the clinical research of human complement C1INH.

κ-CN not only plays a crucial role in the formation of stable casein micelles, but also has a major influence on clotting properties and milk yield according to the studies in Bos taurus. But there are few studies on the variation within CSN3 and its association with production traits in buffalo. All 5 exons of CSN3 in buffalo were separately amplified via 5 PCRs and sequenced, then, the polymorphisms of exon 4 in CSN3 for 106 individuals sampled from 10 river and swamp buffalo populations were assayed by using DNA sequencing. Complete CDS sequence of CSN3 in buffalo was composed of 848 nucleotides, which included 5′ UTR comprising 69 nucleotides, an open reading frame of 573 nucleotides and 3′ UTR consisting of 206 nucleotides. A total of 4 polymorphisms were discovered in the exon 4 sequences of buffalo CSN3. Among them, c.445G>A，c.467C>T and c.516A>C changes were nonsynonymous, which led to p.Val128Ile, p.Thr135Ile and p.Glu151Asp changes in κ-CN, respectively. And c.467C>T and c.516A>C may have an effect on the function ofκ-CN. Population genetic analysis revealed that allele c.445G、c.467C、c.471C and c.516A were preponderant alleles in river buffalo, whereas allele c.445G、c.467C and c.471C were preponderant alleles in swamp buffalo，and the genetic differences of CSN3 between river and swamp buffalo mainly embodied in the pulation genetic compositions of SNP516 site.

Based on the sequence of Bos taurus integrin β5(ITGB5), the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1-flag-β5 and two shRNAs recombinant lentivirus vector H1-shRNA145 and H1-shRNA726 were designed and synthesized. The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1-flag-β5 was cotransfection 293T cells respectively with H1-shRNA145 and H1-shRNA726 using lipofectamine, and with the LacZ shRNA recombinant lentivirus vector as control. Using the housekeeping gene β-actin as internal reference protein, detected the expression of ITGB5 by Western blot analysis. The results showed that the shRNA recombinant lentivirus vector H1-shRNA145 and H1-shRNA726 can both inhibit the expression of ITGB5 with a dose-response. The research will lay a foundation for further study of the gene function of ITGB5.

The prolactin gene is considered as the important candidate genes that correlated with hastening growth，maintaining lactation and immunoregulation in water buffalo, but the structural characteristics in coding region of prolactin gene and the relationship between gene structure and production traits are still unclear. In the study, the splicing sequence variation in coding region of prolactin gene was examined in buffalo populations of swamp type and river type by using PCR-SSCP and DNA direct sequencing methods. The results showed that the mature peptide of prolactin consisted of 199 amino acid residues and the encoded protein was acidic, the usage rate of bases of A, T, C and G is 25.96%，22.95%，28.14% and 22.95%, respectively. The optimal codon accounted for 48.21% of the total codon. The c.G192A、c.C427T and c.C606T  substitution was detected in swamp buffalo populations, which was synonymous and formed eight different haplotypes. A synonymous of c.C606T was detected in river buffalo populations and formed two different haplotypes. There was no expressive discrepancy in different haplotype in  buffalo populations of swamp type and river type. Sequence analysis revealed the coding region of prolactin gene was highly conservative and not influenced in artificial selection，which might because of the functional constraints.

This research was conducted to clone and express the PB1_P protein of avian influenza virus H5N1 RNA polymerase and purify PB1_P recombinant protein with high concentration and its preliminary crystals,which could be useful for the further study of the function and structure of the influenza virus po-lymerase and the development of a new diagnostic kit. According to the sequence of polymerase basic protein 1 PB1 gene in GenBank，a pair of specific primers were  designed．Polymerase domain (PB1_P) of avian influenza virus PB1 gene was amplified by RT-PCR，and inserted into pET-28a,then the constructed recombinant plasmid was analyzed.Then,the positive pET-28a/PB1_P plasmids were transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3)competent cell and induced for 4 h, at 37 ℃ by 0.5 mmol/L IPTG. The recombinant fusion protein PB1_P was successfully expressed and identified by SDS-PAGE and Westernblot and then purified by NiNTA His Bind Resins and column chromatography. After purification, the preliminary crystals of PB1_P recombinant protein was obtained by the hanging drop vapor diffusion method.The pET-28a/PB1_P recombinant plasmid was successfully reconstructed. Analysis of SDS-PAGE showed that the fusion protein PB1_P was successfully cloned and expressed.The result of  Westernblot indicated that the recombinant had specially immunologic reactionogenicty with postive serum. The preliminary crystals of PB1_P recombinant protein was obtained after purification and crystallization screening. This study provides a sound basis for further study on biological function and of PB1 and the development of a new avian influenza virus H5N1 detection kit．

The study aims at exploring the feasibility of evaluating the growth performance of swines and the feed nutrient indexes by RNA/DNA ratio.32 piglets were selected from four combinations (PIC402×LY、PIC402×N1、D×LY、Y×N1)and randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 2 replicates and 4 piglets each replicate.The test was conducted in two steps（20~60 kg，60~100 kg）. After the trial,the pigs were slaughtered.The results showed that RNA/DNA ratio had a correlation with its weight gain and feed intake at 20~60 kg stage(P>0.05), but RNA/DNA ratio between each group and F/G ratio were of significant correlation (P<0.05),RNA/DNA ratio and pig weight gain, feed intake and F/G ratio had a certain relevance at the 60~100 kg stage,(P>0.05). RNA / DNA ratio and pig weight gain and feed intake was somewhat correlated(P>0.05), but the correlation coefficients of their F/G ratio was above 0.650 in the 20~100 kg stage.It could be concluded that RNA/DNA ratio had a positive correlation with the weight of growing pigs. The higher RNA/DNA ratio, the more body weight gain and feed intake, the smaller the F/G ratio is. In addition, the RNA/DNA ration in muscle is of breed specificity,which shows differently in different breeds.

Fiber diameter, color and length of different aged Xinjiang goats were analyzed.The results showed after the female goat grew up, the cashmere obviously became thicker with the increase of age, the length didn't change,while the color changed significantly. The results will provide guidance for breeding of Xinjiang goat in the future.

The aim of this study was to reveal growth rules of the Shaanbei white cashmere goat lamb in lactation period, and to provide the basic research data for making the scheme for breeding lambs. Twentyfour 1 day lambs were taken as the research objects, and based on the body weight measured accurately every day, the curves of cumulative growth, absolute growth speed and relative growth speed were drawn. Through the analysis of the three curves,the results showed that(1) the weight of lambs rose with the increased age in an approximately linear curve in 1~75 days, and the acumulative growth of lambs was highly related with acumulative milk yield of ewes; (2) the daily gain of lambs rose fast with the increase of age in 1~10 days and decreased gradually after 11day of age, of which, the rate of decay was pretty high in 11～20 days and tended to flatten in 21～75 days.

The multivariate statistics analysis of laying performance and ecological characters were carried out on 11 Chinese native chicken breeds by the methods of principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that 11 native Chinese breeds could be divided into large and small type on the basis of laying performance,and the results of multivariate statistics analysis of (0 indexes showed that 3 eigenvalues were selected as the 3 major components accounting for 94.99% of the total) before the principal component analysis.The 11 Chinese native chicken breeds can be divided into high elevation type and low elevation type according to 3 principal component values of each breeds, which suggested that the ecological factor was also an important basis on the breed region classification.

The behaviors of the first filial generation goat of Zhongwei and Angora in spring grazing period were observed continuously in 24 hours. The results showed that grazing time was(562.45±25.44) minutes, ruminant time (357.67±34.57) minutes, reposing time (283.25±26.04) minutes, standing time (78.83±25.25) minutes,walking time (128.00±13.14) minutes, and the rest behaviors (29.80±5.04) minutes. Grazing took place in day time , while sleeping at night;and walking occured most in day time while rumination reached the peak at night.The rumination and grazing proportion is 0.64:1. The results also showed that Anzhong F₁ goats have strong gazing ability, with a good grazing performance. The study would provide a reference for the breeding and rearing as well as management of cross-bred goats.

In this study，40 weaning rex rabbits were used to investigate the effect of compound organic acid in drinking water on intestinal mucosal morphology and visceral organ development. The weight of visceral organ and villous height (VH), crypt depth (CD), intestinal wall thickness ( IWT) and villous height/crypt depth (VH/CD) were measured at the 35th day after weaning.20 male and 20 female rabbits with similar weight, 35 days old, were randomly divided into four groups:group A , group B, group C and group D. Each rabbit was treated as one repeat. group A was the control group, drinking ordinary tap water. The pH of drinking water in group B, C and D was 5.0, 4.3 and 3.6, respectively. To get the required pH, compound acid was added to the ordinary tap water in group B,C and D by 0.55%, 0.85% and 3.3%.The results showed that drinking acidification water can significantly improve the spleen weight，spleen index and duodenum VH (P<0.05), and significantly reduce jejunum IWT, and for group C,the best result was reached with pH 4.3 in water;for group D water with pH3.6 reduced ileum IWT significantly (P<0.05). Drinking acidification water improved the weight of visceral organs and the organs index in other experimental groups, but there is no significant difference compared with the control group (P>0.05). Drinking acidification water also improved jejunum and ileum morphology to some extent, and the group with pH 4.3 showed more improvement, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05).It showed that acidification drinking water improved the development of the visceral organs and intestinal morphology to some extent, and the one with pH 4.3 showed the best performance.